新疆红枣种植生产技术效率及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Influence Factors of Date Production in Xinjiang-Based on Farm Household Survey of Different Producing Area,Planting Model,Management Subject and Planting Scale

作　　者：马惠兰[1] 苏洋[1] 李凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学经济贸易学院/经济与贸易学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第5期969-974,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2013年自治区林果业财政专项;自治区科技厅科技支撑软科学项目(201342105)

摘　　要：【目的】研究红枣种植农户的技术效率,为新疆红枣产业持续健康发展提供理论参考。【方法】基于新疆红枣主产区180户种植农户的问卷调查,采用随机前沿生产函数对不同产区、不同经营主体、不同种植模式和不同种植规模下的农户技术效率进行细分,运用Tobit模型对影响技术效率的因素进行分析。【结果】（1）2010-2012年间,各类型红枣种植户的技术效率均呈现明显的技术进步,平均技术效率由0.853 6提高到0.906 4;（2）技术效率产区差异表现为若羌〉泽普〉皮山农场〉温宿〉麦盖提;外来承包大户的技术效率高于本地种植户;建园式种植的技术效率大于间作模式。（3）年龄、受教育程度、红枣收入占家庭收入的比重、红枣种植年数以及信息获取渠道等多个外生变量均对农户种植红枣的技术效率产生显著的正向影响。【结论】不同产区、不同经营主体、不同种植模式和种植规模下的技术效率在存在显著差异,农户技术效率受年龄、受教育程度、红枣收入占家庭收入的比重、红枣种植年数以及信息获取渠道等变量的影响程度不同。【Objective】To research technical efficiency of farmers planting dates to provide a theoretical reference for the sustainable and healthy development of Xinjiang jujube industry. 【Method】Based on 180 farm households in the date production areas,using the stochastic frontier production function,this paper made a subdivision between the farmers ＇ technical efficiency of different producing regions,management subjects,planting models and planting scales,and analyzed the factors influencing technical efficiency by using Tobit model.【Result】The results showed that：（ 1） From 2010 to 2012,the technology efficiency of all kinds of date growers presented obviously technical progress,the average technical efficiency was increased from 0. 8536 to 0. 906 4;（ 2） as the difference between the technical efficiencies were： Ruoqiang Wensu Zepu Pishan farm Wensu Mengaiti; The technical efficiency of foreign large scale contract farmers was higher than the local farmers; The technical efficiency of pure dates planting model ＇was higher than inter- planting model; the larger the planting scale was,the lower the technical efficiency would be.【Conclusion】The technical efficiency showed significant differences among different planting areas,management subjects,plantingscales and planting modes and was influenced by their ages,education level,the proportion of dates income in the total household income,planting years of dates and the acquisition channel of information and other exogenous variables,all of which had a marked positive impact on technical efficiency.

关 键 词：红枣 技术效率 影响因素 随机前沿生产函数 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学]