河北曹妃甸近海沉积物中多环芳烃的含量、分布、来源及生态风险评价  

Concentration,distribution,source and ecorisk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediment from Caofeidian offshore,Hebei

作　　者：刘宪斌[1] 王晨[1] 田胜艳[1] 李厦[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学,天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第3期290-294,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市科技兴海项目(KJXH2012-23)

摘　　要：2010年9月在河北曹妃甸近海采集表层沉积物样品,用气相色谱质谱仪（GC/MS）测定分析16种US EPA（美国国家环境保护署）优先控制的多环芳烃（PAHs）。结果表明,曹妃甸近海9个站位沉积物中的PAHs质量比为267.2~858.2 ng/g,平均值为376.5 ng/g,其高值区位于原油码头东部。与国内外其他区域沉积物中的PAHs质量比进行对比发现,曹妃甸近海沉积物中PAHs的质量比总体处于中等水平。本次调查检出的PAHs种类较多,主要同系物为菲（Phe）、芴（Fl）和荧蒽（Flu）。与国内研究的渤海湾近岸表层沉积物PAHs质量比进行对比发现,曹妃甸近海表层沉积物中萘、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘等组分质量比要高出很多,这与曹妃甸石油化工与机械制造等发展迅速密切相关。异构体比值法分析表明,该区表层沉积物中PAHs主要来源于生物质、煤及燃料燃烧。根据效应区间值进行生态风险评价,结果表明,曹妃甸沉积物对周围生物的影响较小。与国内一些典型区域的生态风险研究进行对比分析发现,各研究区域均存在芴超过影响范围低值（Effects Range Low,ERL）的站位。潜在影响等级（Probable Effects Level,PEL）分析表明,同系物中的芴也存在超过相应标准值的站位,应引起海洋环保部门的重视。This paper intends to report its investigative exploration of the surface sediment samples collected from Caofeidian offshore,Hebei. The investigation activities have covered 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（ PAHs） controlled preferentially in September,2010,by GC / MS. The results of its investigative exploration show that the total PAHs concentrations in the surface sediment of nine sites along Caofeidian offshore vary in the range of 267. 2-858. 2 ng / g,with the mean value of 376. 5 ng / g. The comparatively heavier polluted areas are located in the eastern part of the crude oil terminal. As compared with the concentrations of PAHs in the sediments from different areas,the concentrations of PAHs in the surface sediment from Caofeidian offshore belong to the median level. As the survey involves more categories,it has been found that the major congeners are Phe,Fl and Flu. In comparison with PAHs level from Bohai coastal surface sediments,it has been found that the concentrations of Nap,Fl,Phe,Ant,Flu,Pyr and other components turn to be much higher,which may account for the fast-speed development of petrochemical and mechanical industries and other industrial activities in the area. The main contributive sources of PAHs come from the biomass,coal and other fuel combustion by the method of isomer ratios. Besides,we have also done the ecological risk assessment by effect interval value,including the effects range low（ ERL）and the effects range median（ ERM）. In spite of this,the investigation results demonstrate that the sediments in Caofeidian had little effect on the surrounding bio-environment. Thus,it can be concluded that in comparison with the ecological risk assessment results of PAHs in the sediments from other typical domestic areas,each area under investigation may reveal some of its places whose Fl may exceed the ERL. Nevertheless,the probable effects level proposed by Macdonald could help to show that there are still some sites whose Fl pollution levels exceeds the standard valu

关 键 词：环境学 多环芳烃(PAHs) 沉积物 生态风险 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]