本科人才培养的专业弹性实证研究  

An Empirical Study on the Flexibility of Major Selection in Undergraduate Education

作　　者：张玲[1] 张东海[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学发展规划处,重庆400044 [2]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2015年第4期79-85,共7页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：贵州省教育改革发展研究重大课题(2013ZD010)

摘　　要：加强专业弹性是目前高校人才培养模式改革中的重要举措之一,但部分高校在实践过程中不同程度地遇到困难或受到质疑。实证研究发现,在传统刚性人才培养模式下,学生的规范意识较强但专业兴趣却处于较低水平,且不随着专业学习的深入而提高。学生学习投入也更大程度上受规范承诺而非情感承诺的影响。在人才培养中,提升学生情感承诺比加强学生规范感更为迫切。此外,选择承诺不仅在专业承诺各维度中发展程度最低,对学习投入的影响力最大,而且对情感承诺和经济承诺等专业承诺其他维度也有较大的影响。鉴于选择承诺的低发展水平和高影响力,目前人才培养改革应以提升学生选择承诺为重点,继续深化加强专业弹性的人才培养模式改革。In the reform of talent cultivation pattern in higher education, empowering the flexibility of major selection is one of its main orientations. However, some universities are in trouble or questioned in this reform. It is proved that under the traditional rigid mode of talent training, undergraduates have high normative commitment and low affective commitment, which remains the same with the fur- ther deepening of learning. Meanwhile, undergraduates＇ learning engagement is more influenced by normative commitment than affective commitment. Therefore, improving affective commitment is more urgently important than improving normative commitment. In addition, selective commitment is not only the lowest level among all kinds of professional commitment and has the biggest impact fac- tors on learning engagement; it also has great influence on affective commitment, continuance commit- ment and economic commitment. Hence, the cultivation of undergraduates should concentrate on im- proving selective commitment, and universities need to continue deepening the reform of talent cultiva- tion pattern which aims at improving major flexibility.

关 键 词：人才培养模式 大类招生 专业弹性 专业承诺 学习投入 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]