三维点云基础上排土场垮塌影响范围研究  

Study on influence scope of waste dump collapse based on 3D points cloud

作　　者：周帅[1] 施富强[1,2] 马松[2] 裴尼松[2] 黄小华[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]四川省安全科学技术研究院,四川成都610045 [3]中国中铁二院集团有限责任公司,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2015年第6期31-37,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(12ZC1861)

摘　　要：高台阶排土场下游常分布有居民区、厂房等,一旦垮塌,后果严重,因此完善的防治与应急准备工作十分关键,而排土场垮塌影响范围的预测是这些工作的重要前提依据。为提升高台阶排土场垮塌影响范围的预测准确性,需要获取准确的地形边界基础数据。通过利用三维激光扫描仪对新建排土场及其下游地形精细扫描,对获取的三维点云数据去噪、拼接、建模等处理,生成精度更高的数字高程模型与三维实体模型。在此基础上,结合新建高台阶排土场地质勘查与设计资料,建立颗粒离散元数值模型,利用PFC3D计算高台阶排土场垮塌影响范围,并与经验公式法计算结果对比分析,结果表明排土场颗粒离散元数值模型精度符合要求,可快速、准确地计算影响范围,从而为相关部门提供科学决策依据。Some residential areas and factories are step waste dump collapses, the consequence paredness work are critical, and the prediction on located downstream the high step waste dump. Once the high be very serious. So the perfect prevention and emergency preinfluence scope of waste dump collapse is an important basis of the above work. To improve the accuracy of prediction on influence scope of high step waste dump, the accurate topographic boundary data is necessary. Thus, the precise terrain scanning was implemented by using 3D laser scanner for the new waste dump and downstream. Then the digital elevation model with higher precision and threedimensional entity model were generated after the processes of denoising, splicing and modeling on three-dimensional points cloud data. On this basis, combining with the geological prospecting and design data of new waste dump, the numerical model of granular discrete element was set up. The influence scope of collapse was calculated by PFC3 D, and the results were compared with that of empirical formula method. As a result, the numerical model of granular discrete element on waste dump satisfied the requirements of accuracy, which can quickly and accurate-ly calculate the influence scope, so as to provide scientific decision basis for related departments.

关 键 词：高台阶排土场 三维点云 颗粒离散元 垮塌影响范围 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]