建筑工人不安全行为的模仿与学习的调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis on imitation and learning of unsafe behaviors for construction workers

作　　者：韩豫[1,2] 梅强[2] 刘素霞[2] 孙莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学土木工程与力学学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏大学管理学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2015年第6期182-188,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51408266;71403108;71373104);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJCZH047);中国博士后基金面上项目(2014M561600);江苏大学基金项目(14JDG012)

摘　　要：为了控制不安全行为在建筑工人中的传播和流行,基于社会学习理论,通过行为调查、理论分析和案例研究,对建筑工人不安全行为的模仿与学习的方式、过程和影响因素进行了研究,提出了控制不安全行为传播的策略。结果表明:模仿与学习是建筑工人不安全行为复制和传播的重要方式和途径,对新不安全行为产生起着联系和催化作用。建筑工人不安全行为的模仿与学习的方式有视听式、想象式和参与式,其中视听式是最主要方式。建筑工人不安全行为的模仿与学习的影响因素涵盖榜样及其行为、模仿者和模仿学习过程。其中,榜样的权威性和影响力是最重要的增强因素,不安全行为后果的威慑力是最重要的抑制因素。In order to control the spreading and prevalence of unsafe behaviors among construction workers, the modes, processes and influence factors of imitation and learning of unsafe behaviors for construction workers were discussed by behaviors investigation, theoretical analysis and case study, based on the social learning theory. The results showed that： a） The imitation and learning are the main methods and ways for replicating and spreading of unsafe behaviors. It can lead to or catalyze some new unsafe behaviors, b） The modes of imitation and learning of unsafe behaviors for construction workers include audiovisual, imagining and participating, and the audiovisual is the most important one. c） The influence factors of imitation and learning of unsafe behaviors for construction workers are from the examples and their behaviors, imitators and processes of imitation and learning, among which the authority and influence of examples are the most important reinforcing factors, and the deterrent of consequence by unsafe behaviors is the most important inhibited factor.

关 键 词：不安全行为 建筑工人 行为模仿 行为学习 安全心理 整群随机抽样 

分 类 号：X947[环境科学与工程—安全科学]