列车车轮动力吸振器减振降噪性能研究  

Study on the Performance of Dynamic Vibration Absorbers of Train Wheels

作　　者：刘玉霞[1,2] 周信[1] 肖新标[1] 彭金方[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学材料先进技术教育部重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2015年第3期1-4,32,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAG12A01-B06);国家863计划(2011AA11A103-2-2;2011AA11A103-4-2);教育部创新团队(IRT1178);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(SWJTU12ZT01);牵引动力国家重点实验室自由探索自主研究课题(2011TPL_T05)

摘　　要：轮轨噪声是列车主要噪声源,而车轮振动声辐射是轮轨噪声的重要组成部分。降低车轮振动声辐射是控制轮轨噪声的有效方法之一。通过在车轮辐板位置安装动力吸振器,以吸收主振动系统的能量,达到减振降噪的目的。利用有限元—边界元方法,研究动力吸振器主要参数,包括质量比、阻尼损耗因子、结构形式、动力吸振器数量对车轮降噪效果的影响。研究表明三自由度动力吸振器加入适当阻尼可降低振动声辐射6 d B(A)。Wheel-rail noise is the main source of the vehicle＇s noise. And the sound radiation of wheels is one of the most important components of the wheel-rail noise. Reduction of the vibration and sound radiation is one of the most effective measures to control the wheel/rail noise. In order to absorb the energy of the main vibration system and reduce the vibration and noise, dynamic vibration absorbers were installed in the web of the wheel. The main parameters of the dynamic vibration absorbers, including mass ratio, loss-factor of damping, structure and absorber numbers, were studied by means of FEM and BEM. Their influences on the noise reduction effect of the wheel were analyzed. Results show that the 3-DOF dynamic absorber with pertinent damping can reduce the vibration and sound radiation by 6 d B（A）.

关 键 词：声学 轮轨噪声 动力吸振器 振动声辐射 有限元法 边界元法 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]