鸡的遗传背景检测方法比较  

Comparison of Detection Method of Genetic Background Among Chicken Breeds

作　　者：张洁[1] 韩博[1] 秦宇辉[1] 李俊英[1] 郑江霞[1] 杨宁[1] 徐桂云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,畜禽育种国家工程实验室,农业部动物遗传育种重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2015年第13期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(nycytx-41)

摘　　要：遗传背景分析是指鉴定动物的品种或品系,确认个体间的同胞或亲子关系,确保系谱记录的准确性和种质资源的质量。用于遗传背景分析的方法有很多,但在鸡的遗传背景分析中,目前常用的有2种方法,其一是应用的20个微卫星位点方法;其二是评价鸡微卫星DNA遗传多样性座位表中的30个微卫星位点法。本研究以矮小蛋鸡纯系和洛岛白纯系为试验群体,分析研究2种方法的精准性。结果表明:矮小蛋鸡纯系和洛岛白品系之间的遗传距离分别是0.4156和0.4527;另外,用2种方法检测矮小蛋鸡纯系同一群体遗传距离为0.0693和0.1893、遗传相似系数为0.9331和0.8275。由此可以判断,20个微卫星标记位点对蛋鸡遗传背景的检测精度高于DNA遗传多样性检测技术规程标准。Analysis of genetie background can identify species or strains and confirm compatriots or parent-child relationship between individuals to ensure the accuracy of the genealogical record and the quality of germplasm resources. There are many methods for analyzing genetic background, but in the analysis of the genetic background of chicken, there are two methods commonly used. One is the method of 20 microsatellite markers. The other is the method of 30 microsatellite markers. In this study, dwarf layers line and Rhode Island White line are used as test groups to analyze the accuracy of these two methods.The results showed that the genetic distance between dwarf layers line and Rhode Island White line were respectively 0.4156 and 0.4527.Besides, using two methods on dwarf layers line with the same genetic background, the results showed that the genetic distance were respectively 0.0693 and 0.1893 and the genetic similarity coefficient were respectively 0.9331 and 0.8275. It can be concluded that the detection accuracy of 20 microsatellite markers is higher than that of 30 microsatellite marker

关 键 词：鸡 微卫星标记 遗传背景 检测精度 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]