基于停车共享的已建成区停车需求分析方法  

A Method of Parking Demand Analysis Based on Shared Parking Strategy in Developed Regions

作　　者：冉江宇[1] 过秀成[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044 [2]东南大学交通学院,南京210096

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2015年第3期9-15,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：住房与城乡建设部课题(批准号:2010-K5-16)资助

摘　　要：在大城市中心城区提倡实施停车共享策略的背景下，着重考虑多种停车共享措施组合实施因素，在区域层面提出停车泊位需求分析方法。构建停车规划平衡区，依据地块问的步行距离和动态停车需求互补性，将区内各地块问的共享拓扑关系抽象为两地块共享结构和链式结构、环式结构、混合结构等多地块共享结构。针对各类结构的特点提出共享条件下总泊位需求的分析流程，并重点面向链式结构和环式结构建立双层规划模型，兼顾泊位资源配置的效率和均衡性。将这一方法应用于南京市中心城区典型区域内，发现考虑多种停车共享措施组合实施的泊位总需求比不实施停车共享措施时减少20％～25％。该方法适用于估算各地块在实施停车共享措施条件下的静态泊位需求，为已建成区域拟定共享措施和凋整停车配建标准提供支持。In the context of the shared parking strategy encouraged to be implemented in central urban areas,a method of calculating parking space demand in the regional aspect is proposed,with an emphasis of the implementation of multi shared parking measures.In order to develop each parking balance zone,the relationship between blocks is abstractly assumed as two block shared parking topology structures and multi block shared parking topology structures,such as chain structures,ring structures,and mixed structures,based on the walking distance between multi blocks and complementarily of multi blocks' dynamic parking demand.The total parking demand analysis is based on the characters of various types of topology structures.A bi-level planning model is developed for the chain structure and mixed structure,considering both efficiency and balance of the allocation of parking spaces.The proposed method was applied in the typical developed regions of Nanjing.The results indicated that the total regional parking space demand was reduced by 20%~25%under the implementation of multi shared parking measures.This method is applicable to estimate each block's parking space demand under the implementation of shared parking measures,and can support the decision making of shared parking measures and building parking guidelines in the developed regions as well.

关 键 词：停车共享 停车规划平衡区 组合实施 共享拓扑结构 共享指数 双层规划模型 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]