哈尔滨供暖期间PM_(2.5)污染状况及其与气象因子的相关性分析  

Analysis on the Pollution Status of the Particulate Matter(PM_(2.5)) and the Correlation with Meteorological Factors during Heating Period in Harbin City

作　　者：汪永英[1] 张雪梅 韩冬荟[1] 孟琳[1] 郭敏[1] 段文标[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省哈尔滨市气象局,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第19期185-189,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572014CA20)

摘　　要：[目的]研究哈尔滨供暖期间PM2.5污染状况及其与气象因子的相关性。[方法]针对北方城市哈尔滨冬季供暖期和非供暖期PM2.5和PM10的浓度变化特征以及供暖期间PM2.5浓度与气象因子的相关性进行分析。[结果]2014年全年空气质量在二级以上达标的天数为244 d,未达标天数占33%;供暖期PM2.5和PM10的质量浓度显著高于非供暖期,平均值分别是非供暖期的3.34和2.49倍,且11月份浓度值达到最高;供暖期间的首要污染物质为PM2.5,非供暖期间首要污染物质为PM10;供暖期间PM2.5在PM10中的比重也高于非供暖期;PM2.5质量浓度与日均气温呈显著的正相关关系,与日最大能见度呈显著的负相关关系,与日均气压、日均风速和总辐射存在不显著的负相关关系,与日均湿度、总云量存在不显著的正相关关系。[结论]该研究为空气质量预报、大气污染防治和农业生产技术更新提供理论依据。[Objective] The research aimed to study the pollution status of the particulate matter（ PM2. 5） and the correlation between its and meteorological factors during heating period in Harbin city. [Method]The variation characteristics of the concentrations of PM2. 5and PM10 in winter heating period and non-heating period as well as the correlation between PM2. 5and the meteorological factors during the heating period were analyzed in the northern city of Harbin. [Result]The days of the second class above standard were 244 in 2014,non-standard accounted for 33%. The concentrations of PM2. 5and PM10 in heating period were markedly higher than that of non-heating period,there were 3. 34 and2. 49 times higher than in non-heating period in average. The concentration of PM2. 5and PM10 were the highest in November. PM2. 5was the primary pollutants during heating period; PM10 was the primary pollutants during non-heating period. The proportion of PM2. 5to PM10 in heating period was higher than that of non-heating period. PM2. 5concentration was influenced by several meteorological factors. It had significant positive correlation with average daily temperature and had significant negative correlation with maximum visibility. It had not significant negative correlation with average daily pressure,average wind speed and total radiation. It had not significant positive correlation with the daily average humidity and total cloud cover. [Conclusion] The study provides the theoretical basis for the air quality forecasts,air pollution control and agricultural production technology updates.

关 键 词：供暖期 PM2.5 气象因子 污染状况 相关性 

分 类 号：S181.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]