论DNA证据的鉴真  

Studies on the authentication of DNA evidence

作　　者：王志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学法学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《证据科学》2015年第3期327-337,共11页Evidence Science

基　　金：2014年度国家社科基金项目"刑事DNA取样与人权保障研究"(编号:14XFX024)

摘　　要：DNA证据不具有独特的自然特征与标记,其从物证形态被提取到以鉴定意见形态应用于法庭要经历多环节的流转过程,这使得DNA证据易于被替换且性状也容易发生变化。从实践情况来看,DNA证据被赋予较强证明力,而准确运用DNA证据认定案件事实的前提在于DNA证据的真实性,因此,有必要对其进行鉴真。通过鉴真,可保障DNA证据在诉讼中的合法准入、确保事实认定的准确性以及防止证据替换或毁损。DNA证据鉴真的重点应放在提取过程的可回溯性、证据保管链的完整性和鉴定过程的可靠性三个方面。DNA evidence has no natural features and unique marks, from the form of material evidence to be extracted and applied in courtroom as part of forensic examination opinion, it would experience multiple parts of a transfer process, which makes the DNA evidence easy to be replaced and its characters subject to change. From a practical point of view, DNA evidence has been given relatively strong probative value, and accurately using DNA evidence to identify the premise of facts of the case lies in the authenticity of DNA evidence, so it is necessary to do DNA evidence authentication. Through authentication, it can guarantee legitimate admissibility of DNA evidence in litigation while ensure the accuracy of fact-ifnding and prevent replacement or destroying evidence. The focus of DNA evidence authentication should be allocated in three aspects： a traceable extraction process, integrity in the chain of custody and a reliable identiifcation process.

关 键 词：DNA证据 运用特点 鉴真目的 鉴真内容 

分 类 号：D915.13[政治法律—诉讼法学]