饲料必需氨基酸平衡关联度对框镜鲤生长、蛋白质消化和代谢的影响  

Effects of dietary essential amino acid balance relativity on growth,digestion and metabolism of protein of Cyprinus carp

作　　者：陈秀梅[1] 申斌[1] 李萌[1] 于桂玲 王桂芹[1] 芦洪梅 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118 [2]九台市水产技术推广站,吉林九台130599 [3]长春通威饲料公司,吉林长春130404

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2015年第4期36-42,共7页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31372540);世行贷款项目(2011-YS11)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨饲料必需氨基酸（EAA）平衡关联度对框镜鲤Cyprinus carp生长、蛋白质消化和代谢的影响.【方法】在植物蛋白源饲料中按比例添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸,配成6种等氮等能（蛋白质质量分数31%、能量17 MJ·kg^-1）的不同EAA平衡关联度的试验组饲料,同时以鱼粉为主要蛋白源配制对照组饲料（蛋白质质量分数33%,能量17 MJ·kg^-1）,共7种不同EAA平衡关联度[0.764 9（对照组）、0.704 8（1组）、0.722 0（2组）、0.737 0（3组）、0.759 1（4组）、0.778 0（5组）和0.800 8（6组）]的饲料饲喂初始体质量（53.29±1.64）g的框镜鲤8周.【结果和结论】当饲料EAA平衡关联度增加到0.778 0（5组）时,其框镜鲤增质量率和特定生长率显著高于饲料EAA平衡关联度为0.704 8、0.722 0和0.737 0的1、2和3组（P〈0.05）,且与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,饲料效率呈现相同趋势.当饲料EAA平衡关联度增加到0.759 1（4组）时,较1、2和3组蛋白质效率显著增加（P〈0.05）,且与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）.当EAA平衡关联度增加到0.759 1（4组）时,框镜鲤的肝胰脏蛋白酶比活力和谷丙转氨酶活性与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）,且肝胰脏蛋白酶比活力显著高于1~3组（P〈0.05）.当EAA平衡关联度增加到0.759 1（4组）时,框镜鲤的肝胰脏谷草转氨酶活性与对照组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）.当饲料EAA平衡关联度增加到0.759 1（4组）时,血清总蛋白与对照组差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但血清白蛋白在饲料EAA平衡关联度增加到0.737 0（3组）时与对照组差异不显著（P〉0.05）.表明在本试验条件下,在植物蛋白源饲料中添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸,调控饲料EAA平衡关联度为0.759 1时,可促进框镜鲤生长、蛋白质消化和代谢,可适当降低饲料的蛋白含量,降低饲料成本.【Objective】Effects of dietary essential amino acid（ EAA） balance relativity on growth,digestion and metabolism of protein of Cyprinus carp were investigated.【Method】Contral diet（ 33% mass fraction of protein） was formulated with fish meal as protein source. Six isoenergetic（ 17 MJ·kg^- 1） and isonitrogen（ 31% mass fraction of protein） diets were formulated with plant protein source at different levels of EAA balance relativity by adding different levels of methionine and lysine. Cyprinus carp with the initial body mass（ 53. 29 ± 1. 64） g was fed with seven diets at different levels of EAA balance relativity[0. 764 9（ control group）,0. 704 8（ group 1）,0. 722 0（ group 2）,0. 737 0（ group 3）,0. 759 1（ group 4）,0. 778 0（ group 5） and 0. 800 8（ group 6） ]for 8 weeks.【Result and conclusion】The mass gain rate and specific growth rate increased with the increasing EAA balance relativity,thus reaching the 0. 778 0（ group 5）,which was significantly higher than those of group 1,group 2 and group 3（ P〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between group 5 and the control group（ P〉 0. 05）,and the feed efficiency showed a similar trend. The protein efficiency increased with the increasing EAA balance relativity,thus reaching 0. 759 1（ group 4）,which was significantly higher than those of group 1,group 2 and group 3（ P〉 0. 05）,and no significant difference was observed between group 4 and the control group（ P〉 0. 05）. Compared with the control group,the hepatopancreas protease specific activity and the activity of alanine aminotransferase had no significant difference（ P〉 0. 05） when the EAA balance relativity was0. 759 1（ group 4）,and the hepatopancreas protease specific activity was significantly higher than those of group 1,group 2 and group 3（ P〈 0. 05）. When the EAA balance relativity was 0. 759 1（ group 4）,the activity of aspartate aminotransferase had no significant difference compared with the control g

关 键 词：框镜鲤 必需氨基酸平衡 关联度 生长 蛋白质消化 蛋白质代谢 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]