密度场下的短程社会力模型  

Social Force Model for Crowd Simulation Using Density Field

作　　者：纪庆革[1] 何浩[1] 王福川[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学信息科学与技术学院,广州510006

出　　处：《计算机科学》2015年第6期12-17,53,共7页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U0735001;60473109);广东省自然科学博士启动基金(04300602)资助

摘　　要：密度场是行人感知周围人群密度信息的有效工具。它提供一种直观且高效的手段,在人群模拟中快速调整行人移动方向。在人群建模的研究领域中,社会力模型是相当经典的方法,能够模拟一些常见的自组织现象。但是,其依然存在一些不足,比如人群数目的增长使得模型的时间复杂度呈指数增长,同时还存在行人重叠问题以及行人振荡问题等。利用密度场对社会力模型进行了改进,首先提出行人的受力邻域与墙壁的排斥距离来降低算法复杂性,其次为社会力模型建立了相匹配的网格密度场以使行人能够绕开高密度区域,最后提出了密度导向阈值这一概念,使得人群密度值大于密度导向阈值时,行人会综合目标方向与周围的低密度方向作为新方向。实验结果表明,改进后的模型不仅能模拟出基本的人群自组织现象,而且在时间复杂度方面有明显优势。As an effective tool,density field provides an intuitive and efficient means to quickly adjust the direction of pedestrians＇ movement in crowd simulation when pedestrians need to percept the density information around. Social force model（SFM） is a popular and classical method in the research of crowd simulation and its significance lies in the simulation of some common-seen self-organized phenomenorL However, social force model still has many deficiencies. For instance, the time complexity of social force model grows exponentially when the number of pedestrians increases, and others are pedestrians~ overlapping and oscillating. This paper modified social force model using density field. First, pedestrians＇ stress region and walls＇ repulsive distance were introduced to reduce time complexity of the algorithm. Se- condly, this paper built a grid density field matching social force model（SFM）, so that pedestrian can bypass the high density region. At last, we proposed a concept named density guiding threshold（DGT）. When the grid density is bigger than DGT, pedestrian chooses a new direction which combines the goal direction and the direction of low density regiorL The numerous experimental results show that short-range SFM using density field not only simulates basic self-organi- zed phenomenon of crowd, but also has advantages in time complexity.

关 键 词：人群模拟 社会力模型 人群密度 密度场 密度导向阈值 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]