2014年广东省气候概况  

Climate Characteristics of Guangdong Province in 2014

作　　者：伍红雨[1] 郑璟[1] 刘蔚琴[1] 王蕾 

机构地区：[1]广东省气候中心,广东广州510080 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《广东气象》2015年第3期1-5,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2012A061400012);中国气象局华南区域气象中心科技攻关项目(GRMC2014M01)共同资助

摘　　要：2014年广东全省平均气温22.1℃,较常年和2013年均偏高0.2℃,其中夏秋季平均气温创历史新高。全省平均降水量1 652.5 mm,较常年偏少7.6%,比2013年偏少472 mm;但降水时空分布不均,前汛期多后汛期少,粤东北部和西南部少,其余地区多。全省平均高温日数为31.5 d,较常年偏多14 d,为有气象记录以来最多。2月,东亚冬季风偏强;夏秋季西北太平洋副热带高压明显偏强、偏西、偏南;南海夏季风爆发晚,结束正常,强度较常年略偏弱。3月30日全省开汛,较常年偏早7d。全年有4个热带气旋登陆广东省,接近常年情况,其中登陆徐闻的"威马逊"为1949年以来登陆广东省的最强台风。总体来看,2014年广东省属于一般偏差气候年景。In 2014, the annual mean temperature in Guangdong was 22. 1 ℃, 0. 2 ℃ higher than normal and 2013, and mean temperature was the highest in record for the summer and autumn. The annual mean precipitation in Guangdong was 1 652.5 ram, 7.6% higher than normal and 472 mm less than that in 2013. As the distribution of precipitation was uneven in time and space, precipitation was more than normal in the annually first rainy season and less than normal in the annually second rainy season. Precipitation was less than normal in the northeast and southwest and more than normal in the rest of Guangdong. In 2014, the annual mean number of high temperature days in Guangdong was 31.5 d, 14 d higher than normal and it was the highest since meteorological records began. In February, the winter monsoon in East Asia was stronger than normal. In 2014, the west Pacific subtropical high became stronger, westerly and southerly were signif- icant in summer and autumn; The summer monsoon in South China Sea broke out later and ended normally with weak intensity. The onset date of the first rainy season was March 30, 7 d earlier than normal. In the year there were four tropical cyclones landing on Guangdong, close to that of the conventional years. Ram- masun, the most powerful landing typhoon in Guangdong since 1949, landed on Xuwen. In general, 2014 was a year with normal to worse meteorological disaster.

关 键 词：气候学 降水 气温 气象灾害 广东省 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]