北京市26种落叶阔叶绿化树种的滞尘能力  

Dust capturing capacities of twenty-six deciduous broad-leaved trees in Beijing

作　　者：范舒欣 晏海[1] 齐石茗月 白伟岚[2] 皮定均 李雄[1] 董丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]城乡生态环境北京实验室北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]中国城市建设研究院有限公司,北京100120 [3]北京市朝阳区城市管理监督指挥中心,北京100020

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2015年第7期736-745,共10页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAJ-02B04);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAJ24B05-2);"北京朝阳区社区绿化滞尘降噪及降温增湿生态效益评价方法研究及标准设计"项目

摘　　要：为筛选适用于北京市的具有优良滞尘能力的绿化物种,提高城市植被滞尘效应,选取北京市园林绿化应用最广泛的26种落叶阔叶树种,应用质量差值法,于2014年夏季对不同树种单位叶面积滞尘量进行测定,计算单叶滞尘量与单株滞尘量,并对树种滞尘能力进行了相应的聚类分析。结果表明:不同树种间滞尘能力存在较大差异,选择不同的滞尘量计量单位,树种滞尘量排序会相应地发生变化。对26种北京市常用落叶阔叶树种从叶片、植株与综合滞尘能力三个方面的聚类分析均可得到相应的分类,各类别代表不同级别的滞尘能力水平。研究分析认为,植物滞尘能力与其叶表特征、滞尘方式、株型结构、整株叶量及所处环境含尘量等密切相关,评价树种滞尘能力时应进行综合考虑。Aims Aiming at providing basic informations on dust capturing capacity of different tree species and criterions for selecting trees in landscape design, this study selected 26 deciduous broad-leaved tree species widely used in urban landscaping in Beijing to measure the dust capturing both in field and indoor experiments. Methods The dust deposition per unit leaf area of each species was quantified by determining the mass difference before and after the treatment of blades. The dust deposition per leaf and plant were further calculated for each species. Based on the dust capturing capacity measured in three different units, cluster analysis on different tree species was carried out from distinct dimensions. Important findings Results showed that the dust capturing capacity differed significantly among tree species, and the ranking changed with measurement units selected in the experiments. For different specific evaluation focuses, choosing a diverse unit combination as clustering factor, the 26 deciduous broad-leaved tree species were broadly divided into different categories representing different dust capturing capacity level. Dust capturing capacity was closely related to the surface characteristics of leaves, the dust capturing method, the plant structure, the leaf amount of whole plant, the dust content of the environment, etc. Therefore, multiple factors should be taken into account in the assessment of dust capturing capacity of different tree species.

关 键 词：落叶阔叶树种 叶片滞尘能力 植株滞尘能力 综合滞尘能力 滞尘量计量单位 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]