从借词看西北地区的语言接触  

Language Contact in Northwestern China Reflected in Loanwords

作　　者：徐丹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]法国国立东方语言文化学院 [2]中国西南大学汉语言文献研究所

出　　处：《民族语文》2015年第2期23-35,共13页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：法国研究部ANR-12-BSH2-0004-01项目的支持

摘　　要：从已有记录看,汉语的某些词汇在公元八世纪已渗入古突厥语中,古突厥语所记录的汉语借词的发音和当时的中古汉语一致或相近。今天的汉语借词仍以音近的方式贷入并被改造为本族语言的词汇;某些谐音借词是这个地区非汉语向汉语借贷的突出特点。Northwestern China has historically seen an intimate contact between the agrarian and nomadic populations. There has always been a flow of loanwords back and forth between Chinese and non-Chinese languages. Written documents from the 8th century AD show that some Chinese loanwords were already present in Old Turkic languages at that time. The pronunciations of these loanwords as recorded in Old Turkic were identical or similar to their pronunciations in Middle Chinese. Phonetic borrowing is still used in modern loans from Chinese, and they are integrated into the vocabulary of the borrowing language. Homophonic loanwords are a typical means of borrowing in this region. The direction and path of some loanwords are subject to further discussion.

关 键 词：汉语借词 古突厥语 裕固语 谐音借词 借贷方向 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]