执雀问生死故事的流传  

The Spread of the Story of “Dead or Alive Sparrow”

作　　者：吕德廷[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学敦煌研究所,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国比较文学》2015年第3期195-203,共9页Comparative Literature in China

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年项目"敦煌佛教艺术中的外道形象研究(13XJC770002)";2012年度兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目"摩醯首罗天形象在中国的演变"(12LZUJBWYB104)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：执雀问生死的故事在《伊索寓言》和佛教故事中均有出现。在《伊索寓言》中,主要为了表明不可亵渎神灵;在佛教故事中,是尼乾子执雀向佛询问鸟之死活。该故事随同佛教传入中国,最初出现在佛教艺术中,表现为执雀外道与鹿头梵志对称出现于佛陀两侧,以衬托佛陀拥有大智慧。北宋时期,在禅宗中增加了佛陀腿跨门槛并反问外道的情节。这种情节增加的故事还传入日本,并被附会到一休的名义下。According to Abhidharmakos-s astra, a Nirgrantha- putra （ Jaina）, holding a small sparrow in his hand, asked the Buddha whether what he held in his hand were alive or dead. If the Buddha said ＂dead,＂ he meant to produce the bird alive; if the reply was ＂alive,＂ he imended to kill it and show it to be dead. The Buddha had understood the Nirgrantha-putra＇s idea, so he chose not to answer. The similar story appeared in Greek and India. More details were added to the plot of the story in Song Dynasty of China and then was introduced to Japan by replacing the hero with Ikkyu（一休）.

关 键 词：《伊索寓言》 尼乾子 敦煌石窟 一休 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]