传统史学理论在民国史学界的回响——论刘咸炘的章学诚研究  

A Research on the Inheritance and Development of Traditional Historical Theory in Republic of China: Liu Xianxin's Studies of Zhang Xuecheng

作　　者：刘开军[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学历史文化学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《史学史研究》2015年第2期27-36,共10页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"民国时期史学之研究"(10JJD770005);四川省社科规划项目"刘咸炘与民国时期中国本位史学理论的构建研究"(SC14C033);教育部省属高校人文社会科学重点研究基地四川师范大学巴蜀文化研究中心2014年度重点项目"刘咸炘的史学批评研究"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：民国时期,中国传统史学虽在西学东渐的强力冲击下失去了主流地位,但仍然保持着一种血脉上的延续与发展。从章学诚到刘咸炘,呈现出传统史学理论在近代自省式的演进路径。刘咸炘阐释了章学诚关于浙东史学、六经皆史、记注与撰述等问题与范畴的论述,这些心得沉淀为刘咸炘史学理论的亮点和底色。刘咸炘还深入比较章学诚史学与西方史学,回击了西方史学优越论,坚守了中国本位的史学立场。刘咸炘承袭章学诚史学、目录学、方志学的衣钵,堪称"续章"的代表人物,但其中又有"匡章"之义。刘咸炘提出的"察势观风"已突破了章学诚史学的固有疆界,在近代史学史上自成一派。"续章"强调的是继承史学传统,"匡章"则是对传统史学的革新,这既为近代本土史学理论的重建注入了必要的传统因素,也为传统史学理论在近代学术转型中找到了安身立命之地。在新旧史学和中西史学的交汇、碰撞、嬗变中,刘咸炘的章学诚研究引起了内藤湖南、钱穆、蒙文通、齐思和等中外史学家的关注,从中可见中国本位史学家在民国史学史上的地位与影响。Traditional historiography still developed under the impact of Western learning in Republic of China. Liu Xianxin gave clear explanations of theories of School of Zhe Dong,six Confucian classics being historical works and the difference between recording and writing, which were the characteristics of his scholarly research. He also compared Chinese and Western historiographies and argued that the value of Chinese Historiography shouldn ＇t be underestimated. Liu Xianxin inherited Zhang Xuecheng＇s doctrines on bibliography and local records study,and developed the new from the old on the basis of inheriting. In the Liu Xianxin＇s studies,traditional historiography was congruous in his age. Liu Xianxin was unique,he put a high value on historical changes and surpassed Zhang Xuecheng.As a continuation and development of traditional historiography,the work of Liu Xianxin was helpful for the historical theory of modern China taking in tradition and preservation of traditional historiography. Liu Xianxin had a major influence on modern historiography,and his studies drawn attention of Naito-Konan,Qian Mu,Meng Wentong and Qi Sihe.

关 键 词：刘咸炘 章学诚 传统史学 近代传承 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]