菠萝蜜花粉萌发及胚发育的显微观察  

Microexamination on pollen germination and embryo development of jackfruit

作　　者：李映志[1] 余庆[1] 李洪波[1] 吴钿[1] 叶春海[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学农学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期391-395,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101506);广东省教育厅项目(GDOU2013050319;GDOU2013050217);广东省科学技术厅项目(2013B020304004)

摘　　要：为了解菠萝蜜(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)受精及胚发育过程,采用荧光显微、整染透明及石蜡切片法观察菠萝蜜的花粉萌发和胚发育过程。结果表明:1)菠萝蜜授粉6 h后,花粉粒开始萌发;授粉12 h后,花粉管开始进入花柱;授粉72 h后,花粉管通过花柱进入子房;2)谢花后第9天,胚乳先于合子分裂;谢花后第16、18和21天,胚依次发育至球形胚、心形胚和子叶胚,胚乳为细胞型胚乳;3)菠萝蜜不形成种子的主要原因有胚囊败育、胚珠败育及胚囊未受精。In order to understand the processes of pollen germination and embryo development of jaekfruit, fluorescence microscope technique, whole stain-cleating technique and paraffin sections were employed in this experiment. Results showed that, pollens germinated around 6 h after pollination; pollen tube entered into the style 12 h after pollination; pollen tube entered into the ovary 72 h after pollination. Endosperm began to divide before zygote at the 9th day after the flower had withered. Embryo finally matured through developments of globular embryo, heart- shaped embryo and cotyledon embryo, which was at 16th, 18th, 21th day after the flower had withered, respectively. Fertilized polar nucleus developed into cellular endosperm. Seed failure could result from embryo sac abortion, ovules abortion and unfertilized embryo sac.

关 键 词：菠萝蜜 胚囊 胚乳 败育 花粉萌发 

分 类 号：S667.801[农业科学—果树学]