全氟化合物对水生植物的生态效应研究Ⅱ——金鱼藻对水中PFOS的生物富集及生理响应  

Ecological Effects on Aquatic Plants Induced by Perfluorinated Compounds Ⅱ—Bioaccumulation and Physiological Response of Ceratophyllum Demersum in PFOS Polluted Water

作　　者：孔潇潇[1,2] 王铁宇[2] 张晓军[1] 蒋曌泽 周云桥[2,3] 李奇锋[2,3] 孟晶[2,3] 朱朝云[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,牡丹江157012 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第2期445-453,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171394);科技基础性工作专项(2013FY11110);中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-TZ-12)

摘　　要：为探究全氟化合物对水生植物的生态效应,选择金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum L.)为受试生物,设定5、100、1 000、10 000、50 000、100 000μg·L-1以及对照共7个PFOS浓度梯度进行水培,分析包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)在内的抗氧化系统酶和细胞色素含量等生理响应特征,并研究金鱼藻对PFOS的生物有效性及富集能力。结果表明:金鱼藻对PFOS的富集量最高可达3 180 mg·kg-1dw,最大富集系数高达40.7倍,可作为PFOS污染水体植物修复的遴选物种。随PFOS浓度升高,SOD活力总体上没有明显变化,但POD活力表现为双重效用,即低浓度促进酶活力积累,而高浓度抑制酶活力积累。CAT活力在低浓度组(0、5、100、1 000μg·L-1),未表现出明显异常,在高浓度组(10 000、50 000、100 000μg·L-1),出现先升高后降低的趋势。色素含量也反应较为敏感,低浓度处理后色素含量升高,高浓度处理则导致色素含量先升高后降低,最高浓度处理下一直处于较低水平,可作为评价PFOS污染水体的生理敏感性指标。In order to explore the aquatic ecological effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS）, Ceratophyllum demersum was selected as a target endpoint to analyze its bioavailability and physiological responses. Hydroponic experiments at seven grades of PFOS concentrations （0, 5, 100, 1 000, 10 000, 50 000, 100 000 μg.L-1）, were designed to detect the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxide enzyme （POD）, catalase（CAT）, as well as PFOS bioaccumulation. Ceratophyllum demersum showed significant higher bioaccumulation of PFOS with maximum of 3 180 mg.kgldw and the bioaccumulation factor up to 40.7. The activitiy of SOD did not show significant changes. POD activity showed two different trends： lower concentrations of PFOS promoted POD activities, while higher concentrations inhibited POD activities. With increasing concentrations of PFOS, CAT did not exhibit significant changes at low concentration treatments （0, 5, 100, 1 000 μg . L-1）, while CAT activity showed increasing then decreasing trend at higher concentration treatments （10 000, 50 000, 100 000 μg.L-1）. With increasing concentrations of PFOS, the reactions of pigment contents were very sensitive. Pigment contents increased in the treatments of low concentrations, while pigment contents increased and then decreased in the treatments of high concentration. Pigment content of Ceratophyllum demersum could be used as a sensitive indicator to assess environmental contamination induced by PFOS. In general, Ceratophyllum demersum showed higher capacity of PFOS bioavailability and expressed sensitive responses to PFOS pollution, thus, Ceratophyllum demersum could be used for bioremediation and bio-indicator for PFOS contaminated waterbodies.

关 键 词：全氟化合物 金鱼藻 PFOS生物有效性 抗氧化系统 生态效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]