城市居民住宅的暴雨内涝脆弱性评估——以上海为例  

The Vulnerability Assessment of Residences in Rainstorm Waterlogging in Cities——A Case Study on Shanghai

作　　者：石勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学旅游管理学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《灾害学》2015年第3期94-98,共5页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目(14YJCZH128;12YJCZH257);国家自然科学基金(71373084;41201550;41401600;41401603;U1204403;71273081);河南省社科规划项目(2013CSH005);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12A630041;13B630390)

摘　　要：近年来,在国际日益重视防灾减灾的背景下,脆弱性成为灾害学研究的主题并逐渐融入社会可持续发展策略领域。结合上海实际情况,针对不同收入水平的居民住宅,在建立各阶层标准居家模型的基础上,尝试利用合成法构造暴雨内涝中居民住宅损失的脆弱性曲线,针对"麦莎"台风这一历史典型内涝情景中受影响较大的天平街道,根据当时暴雨内涝积水分布的实际情景,利用GIS技术进行空间展布,得到天平街道居民住宅的脆弱性分布图。该方法可为市政部门提供必要的信息,为确定防灾减灾的重点区域和重点保护对象等决策提供科学的依据,可有效降低城市面临暴雨内涝的脆弱性及风险,实现城市的可持续发展。In recent years,in the international increasingly attention under the background of disaster preven-tion and mitigation,disaster vulnerability study become the theme of the study of disaster science and gradually into the social sustainable development strategy.On the basis of previous work at home and abroad,we constructed the vulnerability curve of residence structure in allusion to different income groups by the synthesis method.Using GIS to make spatial distribution,we carried out vulnerability special spreading in Tianping Street which was suffered from “Matsa”the most,the typical waterlogging disaster scenario in history,to make sure key areas and main ob-jects of protection,to provide scientific basis for decision-making,and to achieve sustainable development of cities.

关 键 词：城市 暴雨内涝 脆弱性评估 脆弱性曲线 情景模拟 上海市 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]