N-乙酰半胱氨酸:一种治疗药物成瘾和复吸的候选化合物  

N-Acetylcysteine: a new therapeutic candidate against drug addiction and relapse

作　　者：马宏[1] 柯钰婷 陈凌红 周文华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学医学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波戒毒研究中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2015年第3期464-470,共7页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金："十二五"支撑项目(2012BAI01B07);国家自然科学基金(U1132602)~~

摘　　要：抗药物成瘾和复吸的药物研发一直是成瘾研究的热点,迄今具有抗成瘾和复吸作用的药物仍较少。乙酰半胱氨酸具有抗氧化作用,在中枢神经系统作用于胶质细胞的胱氨酸/谷氨酸转运体,提高突触间隙的谷氨酸浓度,间接地调控谷氨酸能和多巴胺能神经通路。临床研究发现,乙酰半胱氨酸具有抗成瘾药物复吸作用,是治疗药物成瘾的候选药物。本文主要综述了乙酰半胱氨酸调控药物依赖通路的作用机制,系统总结了乙酰半胱氨酸抗药物复吸的临床研究,以期为乙酰半胱氨酸的临床应用和开发提供依据和思路。Development of medicines that target drug addiction and relapse is still a hot spot in the area of addiction. So far, only a few anti-addiction drugs with potentially therapeutic effects have been found. N-Acetylcysteine （NAC） has antioxidant properties. In the central nervous system, NAC acts on cystine/glutamate transporters located mainly in glial cells, increases the concentration of glutamate in the synaptic cleft, and regulates indirectly the glutamatergic and dopaminergic transmissions. Clinical studies have proved that NAC has therapeutic efficacy on drug addJction and relapse, indicating that NAC may be used as a new target for addiction treatment. This review focuses on the regulating mechanism of NAC for drug addiction, and summarizes the progress in clinical trials of NAC for drug addiction in order to provide evidence for its clinical applications.

关 键 词：物质相关性障碍 N-乙酰半胱氨酸 临床试验 谷氨酸 

分 类 号：R749.61[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]