海底观测网接驳盒技术  

Technologies of Junction Box for Seafloor Observation Network

作　　者：杨灿军[1] 张锋[1] 陈燕虎[1] 李德骏[1] 金波[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,杭州310027

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第10期172-179,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51409229);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金(51221004);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14E070002);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2012AA09A402;2013AA09A414)资助项目

摘　　要：利用海缆和接驳盒将布放在海底表面及海洋内的用于科学观测的仪器连成一个网络,并与陆地的因特网和电力网有机连接而组成的可实现长期、连续、实时的原位观测的海底观测网已经成为海洋科学研究的重要平台。研究和介绍海底观测网接驳盒所涉及的关键技术,包括接驳盒的电能供给及变换、高带宽通信与高精度对时、供电故障诊断与隔离、水下封装与设计等。基于所研究技术的接驳盒样机成功地进行水池和高压模拟试验、浅海运行试验、和深海组网试验等系列试验,并验证相关技术:基于直流变换的电能分配和供给方式可应用在海底观测网上;点对点的主干网光纤通信及多级树形结构的通信架构可满足海底观测网需求;独立端口的过电压、过电流和接地故障的诊断和隔离可提高系统的整体可靠性;模块化的封装结构和可维护的分离结构可降低成本并提高了系统的可维护性。By using submarine cable and junction box to wire the science instruments deployed on the seafloor or in the water column into a network and combining with the terrestrial Internet and power gird to form the seafloor observation network that enables long-term, continual, real-time and in-situ ocean observing has become an important platform for ocean science research. The key technologies for designing junction box are studied and presented, including power transmission and conversion; high bandwidth communication and precise timing; power fault detection and isolation; and sealing and construction design. Based on the studied technologies, some prototypes of the junction box are built. Tests like water tank and high pressure simulative tests, shallow sea operation trial, and deep sea operation trial are carried out successfully and validated the relative technologies： Power distribution and management method based on DC power conversion can be applied on seafloor observation network; point to point communication on trunk cable via optical fibers and multi-stage tree communication structure could satisfy its requirement; detecting and isolating over-voltage, over-current and ground faults on individual port can enhance the reliability of the system; and modularized design and detachable structure could lower the cost and make it maintainable.

关 键 词：海底观测网 直流供电 对时 故障诊断与隔离 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]