儿童青少年身体活动研究的国际发展趋势与热点解析——基于流行病学的视角  

Research on International Development and Hot Spot of Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents from the Epidemiological Perspectives

作　　者：郭强[1,2] 汪晓赞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [2]"青少年健康评价与运动干预"教育部重点实验室,上海2002411

出　　处：《体育科学》2015年第7期58-73,共16页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(11BTY042);上海市曙光计划项目(12SG26);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0386)

摘　　要：基于儿童青少年身体活动水平持续下降的全球性健康问题,将身体活动置于流行病学的研究视域之下,分别探讨了身体活动不足的"病因"推断、监测手段、健康效益和预防措施,梳理了一条基于流行病学研究视角的完整路径。在此基础上,归纳总结了身体活动流行病学研究的国际发展趋势:1)体育学与流行病学的学科交叉,作为一条解决身体活动不足的有效路径,已逐渐被国际学者认可和推崇;2)身体活动行为的研究始终需要放置于人居环境和社会经济生活的大背景下进行整体性的考量;3)借鉴流行病学主观与客观相结合的测量方式,是今后身体活动水平监测的发展趋势;4)儿童青少年身体活动行为的改善必须依靠学校、家庭、社区等一体化的综合性干预策略。研究认为,以公共健康为导向的身体活动流行病学研究,有助于人们更加深入地探索身体活动行为的影响因素,以及与其他健康行为的潜在关系,凸显大规模流行性调查的健康效益。基于流行病学视角的身体活动研究,对于提升人们的整体健康水平,促进积极生活方式的养成是一种有益的尝试。Based on the decreasing of global physical activity （PA） levels in children and adoles- cents, this article mainly review and analyze various aspects of the physical activity from the epidemiological perspectives, including causation and causal inference, measurement and surveil- lance, health benefits of PA, prevention and interventions. A complete approach of physical ac- tivity epidemiological studies is being built. Based on previous research, this article concludes the development trend of physical activity epidemiology around the world ~ 1 ） as an effective method to increase physical activity, interdisciplinary among sport medicine, physical education and epidemiology, is being accepted and approved by researchers ; 2） all studies of physical ac- tivity behavior should be thought in the integral socioeconomic environment;3 ） combining subjective and objective methods is the trend to measure physical activity in the future;4）im- proving physical activity-related health behavior need rely on a comprehensive and integral in- tervention strategy through school, family, community and so on. Public health-oriented physi- cal activity epidemiology contributes to explore the factors influencing physical activity level and their relationships to other health behavior. In summary, the study of physical activity from the epidemiological perspectives is quite beneficial to improve the total health, promote to develop physically active lifestyle.

关 键 词：身体活动 流行病学 久坐行为 生活方式 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]