倾斜料盘式气体射流冲击干燥机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Tilted Tray Air-impingement Dryer

作　　者：代建武[1] 肖红伟[1] 谢龙[1] 王栋[1] 李晓明[1] 高振江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第7期238-244,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31201436)

摘　　要：针对平板式气体射流冲击装置存在的装料量小、干燥不均匀、干燥结壳等问题,设计了一种倾斜料盘式气体射流冲击干燥机。该干燥机由倾斜料盘车、干燥室、热空气循环利用系统、干燥加湿和控制系统等组成,干燥过程中可根据不同物料的干燥特性,对料盘托架倾角、料盘距喷嘴间距、喷嘴排列间距等结构参数和干燥室内气流温度、湿度、风速等工艺参数在一定范围内进行调节。以哈密瓜片为试验物料进行了性能试验,满装载量相比传统射流冲击装置提高了1.7倍,而干燥时间缩短了11.1%,干燥机的处理能力相对于后者提高了3.65倍,单位能耗降低了67.9%,且干燥均匀系数达0.97,干燥后的成品色泽褐变及收缩程度更小。所设计干燥机提高了气体射流冲击干燥装置的装载量,确保了干燥过程的均匀性,改善了干后品质。In order to solve the problems of conventional air-impingement dryer such as small loading capacity,no uniformity of drying and crustation,a tilted tray air-impingement dryer was designed. This apparatus was composed of tilted tray skip,drying chamber,hot air recycling system,humidifying system and control system. The technological and structural parameters of the dryer,for instance,drying temperature,absolute humidity, airflow velocity, inclination angle, separation distance and nozzle arrangement can be adjusted according to different material properties and products requirement. The experimental results of Hami melon slices demonstrated that the drying uniformity coefficient can reach to0. 97. The carrying capacity and the dehydration intensity of the dryer were increased by 1. 7 times and3. 65 times, respectively, compared with the conventional air-impingement dryer at the same temperature. And the drying time was shortened by 11. 1% at the same time. The unit energy consumption of Hami melon slices treated by tilted tray air-impingement dryer was about 67. 9% lower than that by the conventional way. Both the browning degree and shrinkage level were better than that of the latter. This research improves the loading capacity and adaptability of materials,which provide significance in enlarging applied range of air-impingement technology.

关 键 词：干燥机 气体射流冲击 倾斜料盘 结构设计 性能试验 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]