当神蓝遇见斯塔夫罗金:《群魔》的“自由意志”与《雪》中的恐怖主义  

When Blue Meets Stavrogin : The“ Freewill” in Demons and the Terrorism in Snow

作　　者：张虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2015年第3期115-123,共9页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"帕慕克与苏非神秘主义思想研究"(13CWW011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：帕慕克以《群魔》中的斯塔夫罗金、彼得为原型,塑造了《雪》中的恐怖分子神蓝,但两位作家的写作动机却迥异,一是为了辩证地分析、批判恐怖主义,一是在图解"自由意志"哲学的破产—在某种意义上,《群魔》预言了唯我中心主义、物欲横流、精神空虚、道德相对主义等"现代性"危机。19世纪下半叶的俄罗斯和20世纪下半叶的土耳其都处在"东方还是西方"的历史十字路口,理性文明的扩散、普世化给其他文明造成了阴影,陀思妥耶夫斯基建立了土壤派,帕慕克却赞成温和的西化主义。最终,两人在神秘主义与"爱"这一宗教观念中发生交汇,共同用笔开创出了一条幸福之路。Pamuk has created a terrorist figure named Blue in Snow, its prototype is Stavrogin and Pyotr in Demons. However, the motivations of the two writers is different, one is to criticize the terrorism, while the other is trying to represent ＂freewill＂ philosophy＇ s failure. For me, Demons has predicted the crisis of ＂modernity＂ such as egoism, acquisitiveness, moral relativism and spiritual emptiness. Both Russia and Turkey were standing at the historical crossroad of ＂East or West＂ in the second half of 19th century and the second half of 20th century, rational civilization＇ s universalization become a big shadow for other civilizations. Dostoyevsky has established the Ground school, but Pamuk favors soft westernization. Finally, they both walk on the road of happiness--the ＂love＂ of mysticism.

关 键 词：陀思妥耶夫斯基 《群魔》 帕慕克 《雪》 自由意志 恐怖主义 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]