运动与非运动群体女大学生内隐与外显情绪调节效果的实验研究  

An experimental study on the Effect of Implicit and Explicit Emotion Regulation of Female College Students in Sports and Non-sports Group

作　　者：杜吟[1] 殷恒婵[1] 李卫东[1] 郭建富[1] 陈爱国 王畅[1] 崔蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [2]扬州大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2015年第4期69-78,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市优秀博士学位论文指导教师人文社科项目(20121002705);北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室开放课题(CNLYB214)

摘　　要：目的:旨在探究内隐与外显层面,运动与非运动群体大学生运用不同情绪调节策略对积极和消极情绪进行调节时的调节效果。方法:以58名运动与非运动群体女大学生为对象,采用阈下词语启动、句子整理任务、外显指导语的方法,分别启动其内隐、外显认知重评或表达抑制的目标;测量内隐与外显情绪调节目标启动前、后,其观看悲伤、愉悦情绪图片时的情绪反应,并采用MP150多导生理记录仪同步记录其观看情绪图片时皮电、心率指标的变化。结果:1)内隐层面,两群体运用认知重评和表达抑制策略的调节效果均无显著性差异。呈现悲伤情绪图片时,两群体的皮电在目标启动后较启动前显著升高;呈现愉悦情绪图片时,运动群体的心率在目标启动后较启动前显著升高,而非运动群体的心率降低。2)外显层面,两群体运用认知重评策略调节悲伤情绪的效果显著优于表达抑制策略。呈现悲伤情绪图片时,两群体的愉悦度在目标启动后较启动前显著升高;观看愉悦情绪图片时,运动群体的愉悦度在目标启动后较启动前显著升高,非运动群体的愉悦度显著降低。结论:1)阈下词语启动和句子整理任务均能够启动个体的内隐情绪调节目标,两种研究范式均可以作为研究无意识情绪调节的有效方法。2)内隐层面,运动与非运动群体运用认知重评和表达抑制策略均有调节效果,主要体现在生理指标的变化;外显层面,运动与非运动群体运用认知重评策略调节悲伤情绪的效果优于表达抑制策略,且效果主要体现在情绪主观感受的改变。3)运动与非运动群体内隐和外显调节愉悦情绪的效果不同,运动群体表现为愉悦情绪升高,而非运动群体表现为愉悦情绪降低。Objective：This study aimed to investigate that on implicit and explicit level, the regulating effect which the sports and non-sports groups of college students use different emotion regulation strategies to regulate the positive and negative emotions. Method： Twenty-nine sports group and 29 non-sports group students completed subliminal goal priming task, sen- tence unscrambling task and explicit emotion regulation task, which primed their goals of cognitive reappraisal or expression suppression on both implicit and explicit level, and rated sad and happy pictures for valence before and after the priming. Meanwhile we recorded the heart rate and skin conductance of the subjects using MP150 multichannel physiological recorder when they were viewing the emotional pictures. Results .. 1 ） At implicit level, the regulating effect of cognitive reappraisal or expression suppression had no significant differences of both group. The skin conductance of both groups significantly increased when they regulated sad emotion, whereas when they regulated happy emotion, the heart rate of sports group significantly in- creased, and that of non-sports group decreased. 2）At explicit level, the regulating effect of cognitive reappraisal was significantly better than that of expression suppression of both group. The valence of both groups significantly increased when they regulated sad emotion, when they regulated happy emotion, the valence of sports group significantly increased, and that of non- sports group significantly decreased. Conclusion： 1） Subliminal goal priming and sentence unscrambling task both can effectively prime the individuals ＇ implicit emotion regulation goal, both of them can serve as the effective methods to research unconscious emotion regulation. 2） At implicit level, two strategies both had effect on regulating emotions of two group, and the regulation effects primarily reflect in the physiological responses of emotions;At explicit level, the regulating effect of cognitive reappraisal is bett

关 键 词：运动群体 非运动群体 女大学生 内隐 外显 情绪调节策略 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]