宁夏西吉县囊型包虫病中间宿主的调查分析  

Investigation of the intermediate hosts of cystic echinococcosis in Xiji county of Ningxia

作　　者：许阳阳[1] 李正直[1,2] 李燕兵[1] 王丽[1] 路宗仁[3] 尹媛婕 刘灿[1] 王浩[1] 杨玉荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学,宁夏银川750004 [2]西安交通大学,陕西西安710049 [3]宁夏西吉县疾病预防控制中心,宁夏西吉756200

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2015年第7期591-594,共4页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30960339;81460311);澳大利亚国立卫生院国际合作项目基金(NHMRC;APP1009539)

摘　　要：目的针对囊型包虫病流行区之一的宁夏西吉县中间宿主的调查,以期揭示该病在这一区域的流行强度,为包虫防治提供科学依据。方法家畜调查采用两种方法,即直接摘录屠宰厂检疫记录(2008与2009年)、现场检查个体屠宰家畜内脏的方法(2012年);人群调查(2012年)方法是用ELISA检测血清特异性抗体,比较不同组别血清阳性率的差异。结果 2008与2009年牛、羊的感染率分别为6.5%、4.7%和4.3%、4.8%,2年感染率间的差异无统计学意义;2012年调查家畜均为阴性。1 907名青少年血清抗体阳性者共有350例(18.35%),阳性率在区域、性别以及各年龄段之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);汉族高于回族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家庭屠宰模式会扩大细粒棘球绦虫卵的污染范围,是导致该地区现阶段细粒棘球绦虫卵污染情况严重的原因之一。Objective To understand the scope and duration of egg- exposure by investigation of the intermediate host of cystic echinococcosis（ CE）. And to reveal the local contamination intensity of Echinococus granulosis（ Eg） and the increase in future morbidity. This information will provide a baseline for further research and control strategies. Methods The visceral inspection of the animal intermediate hosts in 2008,2009 and in 2012,respectively,and teenager population survey were carried out in 2012. Specific antibodies against Eg antigens amongst teenagers were detected by ELISA assay. Results The investigation revealed the infectious rates were at6. 5%,4. 7% and 4. 3%,4. 8% amongst cattle and sheep in 2008 and 2009,respectively,and insignificant differences between rates in the two years. However,in the meat market,no CE infection was found for 2012 investigation. Meanwhile,the sero- positive rate amongst teenagers was 18. 35%（ 350 /1907） averagely in 2012. The Han ethnicity had a significantly higher infection rate than that in the Hui.However there were no significant differences between regions,genders or within age groups. Conclusion The sustaining active transmission of Echinococcus granulosus occurs in study area through accidental egg- ingestion. This may indicate the home- slaughter of aged animals is spreading the contamination of living environments that has led to CE infection amongst teenagers within the community.

关 键 词：囊型包虫病 中间宿主 青少年 家畜屠宰 感染率 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]