2013年全国碘缺乏病健康教育效果评价  

Assessment of the effectiveness of health education on iodine deficiency disorders of China in 2013

作　　者：王莉[1] 王宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心健康教育处,150081

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第7期526-528,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解全国目标人群碘缺乏病（IDD）防治知识的认知情况，并对IDD健康教育效果进行评估。方法2013年，在全国21个省份，结合本地区防治工作实际，选择病情较重、偏远地区的县（644个）作为健康教育项目县。在每个项目县选取3个乡，每个乡在乡镇中心小学4．6年级开展学校健康教育活动；每个乡选择3个村开展社区健康教育活动。在健康教育实施前后，在选定的项目乡中心小学校抽取5年级1个班的30名学生．进行问卷调查：在学校附近抽取15名家庭主妇进行问卷调查。结果健康教育后，小学生和家庭主妇的IDD防治知识知晓率分别为94．35％（57087／60506）和93．12％（30325／32566），均较健康教育前显著提高[74．31％（44768／60245）、75．89％（24785／32659），χ2=9183．92、3695．21，P均〈0．01]。健康教育前，小学生IDD防治知识知晓率低于家庭主妇（χ2=28．11，P〈0．01）；健康教育后，小学生IDD防治知识知晓率高于家庭主妇（χ2=55．89，P〈0．01）。结论实施健康教育干预措施后，小学生和家庭主妇IDD防治知识知晓率均显著提高，健康教育达到了预期效果。Objective To find out the development of health education project on iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） in 2013 and evaluate the intervention effect. Methods According to the local situation, in 21 provinces, 644 counties with more serious eonditlons of the disease or in the remote areas were selected as the project counties. Three towns in each county were selected, the health educational activities were carded out among the grade 4 - 6 students in the central primary school of each town. Three villages in each town were selected to carry out community health education. Before and after the activities, questionnaire surveys on the knowledge of IDD were conducted in each town including 30 students from one class of grade 5 in the primary school and 15 housewives near the primary school were selected randomly. Results After health education, the awareness rates of knowledge on IDD in the students and the housewives were 94.35% （57 087/60 506） and 93.12% （30 325/32 566）. Compared with those baseline investigation 74.31% （44 768/60 245） and 75.89% （24 785/32 659）, the differences were statistically significant （χ2 = 9 183.92, 3 695.21, all P 〈 0.01）. Before health education, the awareness rates of knowledge of IDD in the students were lower than those of the housewives （χ2 = 28.11, P 〈 0.01）. After health education, the awareness rates of knowledge of IDD in the students were higher than those of the housewives （χ2= 55.89, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The awareness rates of knowledge on IDD in the students and housewives are increased significantly after the health educational activities. The resuhs show that health education project is effective in prevention and control of IDD.

关 键 词：碘 缺乏症 健康教育 结果评价 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]