鸡爪槭叶片色素组成及叶色变化  

Pigment Composition and Leaf Color Change in Acer palmatum

作　　者：蔡雪雁[1] 李厚华[1] 李玲[1] 于航[1] 陈盖[1] 包努恩都特 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2015年第7期63-67,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120204120006);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费(QN2013079)

摘　　要：以鸡爪槭叶片发育期间叶色明显差异的芽叶期、展叶期、初叶期、小绿期、大绿期、绿叶期和红叶期的叶片为材料,利用紫外分光光度法、薄层层析色谱法、颜色特征反应、高效液相色谱法对色素种类和质量分数进行检测,并分析了叶色变化的原因。结果表明:鸡爪槭叶片中的色素主要有叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、矢车菊素、矢车菊素半乳糖苷、矮牵牛素、儿茶素、绿原酸、表儿茶素、二氢杨梅酮、芦丁、香豆酸、对香豆酸、根皮苷、杨梅素和槲皮素;芽叶期到初叶期叶片红色变浅主要是因为矢车菊素半乳糖苷的质量分数降低;初叶期到绿叶期叶色由浅红转为深绿主要是因为叶绿素大量积累的同时矢车菊素半乳糖苷质量分数降低;叶色由绿叶期的深绿到红叶期的紫红,是矢车菊素半乳糖苷质量分数增加和叶绿素质量分数降低共同作用的结果。With Acer palmatum leaves in different developing stages, including germinal-leaf stage, unfold-leaf stage, formed- leaf stage, slightly green stage, mostly green stage, green-leaf stage and red-leaf stage, we used UV photo-spectrometer, thin layer chromatography, color characteristic reaction and HPLC-DAD to test the type and contents of pigments. There were 15 kinds of pigments in A. palmatum leaves including chlorophyll, carotenoids, cyanidin, cyanidin-galactoside, petunidin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, dihydromyricetin, rutin, coumalic acid, p-coumalic acid, phloridzin, myricetin and quercetin. With the decrease of cyanidin-galactoside content, the red color gradually faded from germinal-leaf stage to formed-leaf stage. The leaf color changed from light red to dark green, resulting from the increase of chlorophyll content and the decrease of cyanidin-galactoside content. During red-leaf stage, the color change was mainly caused by the increase of cyanidin-galactoside content and the decrease of chlorophyll content.

关 键 词：鸡爪槭 叶片变色 花青素 矢车菊素半乳糖苷 叶绿素 

分 类 号：Q949.755.3[生物学—植物学] Q946.8