外语学习困难的脑机制研究:来自ERP和fMRI的证据及启示  

Brain Mechanisms of Foreign Language Learning Difficulty:Evidence from ERP and fMRI Studies

作　　者：张冲[1] 姚茹[1] 官群[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,北京100088 [2]北京科技大学外国语学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2015年第7期39-46,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：张冲主持的国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2013年度教育学青年课题"初中学习困难学生情绪智力对学业成绩的影响和干预研究"(批准号:CBA130122)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：外语/英语学习困难是国人的一块心病,始终摘不掉"低效"和"聋哑"的帽子。相关研究大多从心理与行为入手,无法揭示出深层的脑机制原因。近年来,使用事件相关电位技术(Event-Related Potential,ERP)和功能核磁共振成像技术(functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,f MRI)不仅在一般学习困难研究领域取得了令人兴奋的进展,而且在外语/英语学习困难研究领域也取得了可喜的成果,在关键期、竞争模型、陈述/程序性模型、语码切换、心理词典、句法通达、技能熟练等关键领域都揭示出大脑内部的加工机制,为防治外语/英语学习困难提供了有益的启示。Foreign language （English） learning difficulty is an important problem for Chinese people. Previ-ous research mainly focused on the psychological and behavioral performance of learners. However, the brain mechanisms underlying foreign-language （English） learning dimculty is still unanswered. Recently, the application of ERP （Event- Related Potential, ERP） and fMRI （functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI） techniques has not only improved the studies on general learning difficulties, but also promoted our understanding about foreign-language （English） learning difficulty. According to recent studies, the brain mechanisms of key period in learning second language, language learning models （ e. g., compete motile and declarative/procedural model）, language coding switch, mental lexicon, syntax access, and language skills were revealed. These findings highlight the way for us to prevent and intervene the foreign-language English learning difficulty.

关 键 词：外语/英语 学习困难 脑机制 ERP FMRI 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]