系统代谢工程在微生物定向进化中的应用  

Application of Systems Metabolic Engineering in the Microbial Directed Evolution

作　　者：王献举 吕静[1] 傅鹏程[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,化学工程学院,新能源研究院,北京102249 [2]北京化工大学生命科学与技术学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2015年第7期652-664,共13页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2013CB734002,2011CB200902);国家自然科学基金(批准号:31270886,31300049)资助项目

摘　　要：系统生物学的迅速发展使人们能够从整体水平上理解细胞的生理生化特性并调控其代谢.系统代谢工程的主要应用之一是以系统生物学为基础对微生物进行定向进化,以期增强细胞对环境胁迫的耐受性,提高目标产品的产量.前者多采用全局转录机制工程和逆代谢工程的方法;后者主要通过设计并导入最优化路径,重构代谢网络及基因的模拟敲除和湿法验证等策略实现.本文综述了利用系统代谢工程解决细胞生物工程几个主要问题的技术及其应用进展.Rapid advancement of systems biology enable our understanding of cellular properties in physiology, biochemistry, metabolism and regulation. One of the main applications for systems metabolic engineering, based on systems biology, is to increase microbial cells tolerance to their environmental stress and to enhance production of desired products using directed evolution on microbes. The former goal is achieved using global transcriptional mechanism engineering and inverse metabolic engineering; the latter is implemented by the strategies such as designing and inserting optimal pathwyas, reconstructing metabolic networks, in silico knocking-out of genes and wet-lab validation, etc. This paper reviews some technological and applicational developments involve the use of systems mentabolic engineering to solve problems in cellular biological engineering.

关 键 词：系统代谢工程 全局转录机制工程 逆代谢工程 代谢网络 模拟基因敲除 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]