New insights into the regulation of cholesterol eft from the sperm membrane  

作　　者：Tamara Leahy Bart M Gadella 

机构地区：[1]Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, 2006, Sydney, Australia [2]Department of Farm Animal Health and of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty ofVeterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.

出　　处：《Asian Journal of Andrology》2015年第4期561-567,共7页亚洲男性学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Cholesterol is an essential component of the mammalian plasma membrane because it promotes membrane stability without comprising membrane fluidity. Given this important cellular role, cholesterol levels are tightly controlled at multiple levels. It has been clearly shown that cholesterol redistribution and depletion from the sperm membrane is a key part of the spermatozoon＇s preparation for fertilization. Some factors that regulate these events are described （e.g., bicarbonate, calcium） but the mechanisms underlying cholesterol export are poorly understood. How does a hydrophobic cholesterol molecule inserted in the sperm plasma membrane enter the energetically unfavorable aqueous surroundings？ This review will provide an overview of knowledge in this area and highlight our gaps in understanding. The overall aim is to better understand cholesterol redistribution in the sperm plasma membrane, its relation to the possible activation of a cholesterol transporter and the role of cholesterol acceptors. Armed with such knowledlze, sl）erm handlin~ techniques can be adapted to better prepare spermatozoa for in vitro and in vivo fertilization.Cholesterol is an essential component of the mammalian plasma membrane because it promotes membrane stability without comprising membrane fluidity. Given this important cellular role, cholesterol levels are tightly controlled at multiple levels. It has been clearly shown that cholesterol redistribution and depletion from the sperm membrane is a key part of the spermatozoon＇s preparation for fertilization. Some factors that regulate these events are described （e.g., bicarbonate, calcium） but the mechanisms underlying cholesterol export are poorly understood. How does a hydrophobic cholesterol molecule inserted in the sperm plasma membrane enter the energetically unfavorable aqueous surroundings？ This review will provide an overview of knowledge in this area and highlight our gaps in understanding. The overall aim is to better understand cholesterol redistribution in the sperm plasma membrane, its relation to the possible activation of a cholesterol transporter and the role of cholesterol acceptors. Armed with such knowledlze, sl）erm handlin~ techniques can be adapted to better prepare spermatozoa for in vitro and in vivo fertilization.

关 键 词：ATP binding cassette transporters ALBUMIN high-density lipoprotein lipid rafts membrane fluidity membranemicrodomains membrane packing OXYSTEROLS reverse cholesterol transport sterol transporters 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学] S828.34[农业科学—畜牧兽医]