不同植物截留特征的比较研究  

Study on Interception Characteristics of Different Plants

作　　者：刘艳丽[1] 王全九[1,2] 杨婷[1] 吕金榜[1] 赵光绪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第3期172-177,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239009)

摘　　要：为分析不同植物最大截留量,分别采用浸泡法和人工降雨法测定5种单株植物及其叶和茎的最大截留量,试验中用镊子夹住样本浸在水中30 min,取出控水1 min,待叶片不滴水时称重,或采用针孔降雨器模拟人工降雨,降雨强度是100 mm/h,降雨历时为4 min,最大截留量值为试验前后样本的重量差值,结果表明：（1）对丁玉米、大豆、酸枣、刺槐、紫花苜蓿而言,人工降雨法测得单位叶面积最大截留量值高于浸泡法,而人工降雨法测量茎最大截留量值均低于浸泡法;（2）不同植物茎最大截留量与株高和杆粗乘积、单株植物最大截留量与植株干重均呈线性正相关关系;（3）对于大豆、玉米、紫花苜蓿及酸枣而言,叶片的截留量值明显高于茎,说明叶片截留在植物截留中起到主要作用;（4）浸泡法测定的不同植物叶和茎最大截留量值与人工降雨法测定值均呈很好的线性函数关系;（5）叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶鲜重与叶片最大截留量的相关性均不显著,而叶面积及叶干重与叶片最大截留量均遵循很好的线性函数关系,且不同植物叶片最大截留量相差较大,浸泡法测定值在30.07～122.84 g/m2之间,人工降雨法测定值在32.76～181.14 g/m2之间,因此精确分析植物降雨截留量时应考虑物种差异.In order to analyze the maximum interception capacity of different plants, individual plants of 5 plant species, as well as the leaves and stems, were used to measure their interception capacity by using submerging method and simulated rainfall method. In the experiment, the samples were submerged in water for 30 minutes, then taken out and drained for about 1 minute until no water dropped from samples, and fi- nally weighed. At the same time, we also applied needle rainfall simulator to control rainfall intensity（100 mm/h） and duration time（4 minutes）, and then calculated the maximum interception capacity by computing difference between sample weight before and after simulated rainfall. The results indicated that： （1）For corn, soybean, wild jujube, black locust and alfalfa, the maximum interception of unit leaf area obtained from rainfall simulation method was higher than that from submerging method, while the maximum interception capacity of stem showed an opposite tendency. （2） The maximum interception capacity of stems of different plants showed positive linear relationship with plant height and stem diameter. Similarly, the maximum interception of individual plant showed positive linear relationship with plant dry weight. （3） For soybean, corn, alfalfa and wild jujube, the interception capacity of leaf was higher than that of stem, indicating that leaves play a key role in plant interception. （4） The maximum interception of both leaf and stem showed linear relationship when submerging method and rainfall simulation method were applied. （5）The maximum interception capacity of leaf was not significantly correlated with length, width, perimeter and fresh weight of leaf, while showed obvious linear relationship with leaf area and dry weight. The maximum interception capacity of leaf greatly varied among plant species, which ranged from 30.07 g/m2 to 122.84 g/m2 when submerging method was used, and ranged from 32. 76 g/m2 to 181. 14 g/m2 when rainfall simulation method was used. Ther

关 键 词：最大截留量 浸泡法 人工降雨法 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]