秸秆还田条件下栽插方式对水稻幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of Transplanting Pattern on Rice Seedling Growth under Wheat Straw Returning

作　　者：杜康[1] 林赵淼[1] 张新城[1] 刘正辉[1,2] 王绍华[1] 丁艳锋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,南京210095

出　　处：《中国稻米》2015年第4期128-131,共4页China Rice

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD04B08;2013B AD07B09)

摘　　要：以宁粳3号为材料,采用盆栽方式,设置秸秆还田(秸秆还田和秸秆不还田)和栽插方式(常规手栽和机插)两种处理,分析了栽插方式对秸秆还田条件下水稻幼苗生长及养分吸收的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田降低了水稻幼苗单株茎蘖数、株高、干物质积累以及氮、磷、钾含量。栽后20 d,秸秆还田幼苗单株茎蘖数、地上部和地下部干物质积累以及根系活力分别较秸秆不还田处理降低17.3%、29.4%、11.5%和14.0%。秸秆还田条件下,与常规手栽相比,机插水稻幼苗地上部干物质积累、单株茎蘖数、株高和地上部氮含量降低。栽后20 d,机插处理地下部干物质量和根系活力分别降低57.1%和26.1%。抑制根系生长、降低根系活力,可能是秸秆还田条件下机插稻僵苗发生较为普遍的一个主要原因。Pot experiment was conducted using a japonica rice cultivar Ningjing 3, to investigate the effect of transplanting pattern on growth and nutrients uptake of rice seedlings under wheat straw returning. The results showed that the tiller number, plant height, dry weight and nutrients uptake were decreased under wheat straw returning. Compared with the non-straw returning, the tiller number,dry weight of upper and underground parts, and root activity of rice seedlings with wheat straw returning 20 days after transplanting were decreased by 17.3%, 29.4%, 11.5%, and 14.0%, respectively. Compared with conventional hand transplanting, the upper part dry weight, tiller number, plant height and upper part nitrogen content of machine transplanting decreased under wheat straw returning condition, the root dry weight and activity 20 days after transplanting were decreased by 57.1% and 26.1%, respectively. The seedling growth of machine transplanting rice is more vulnerable to be stunted by short-term straw returning, which is caused by inhibited root growth and impaired root activity.

关 键 词：水稻 秸秆还田 栽插方式 根系活力 营养吸收 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]