秧龄对机插超级稻秧苗素质及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Age on Seedling Quality and Yield of Machine Transplanting Super Hy-brid Rice

作　　者：陈惠哲[1] 江文松[2] 向镜[1] 徐一成[1] 张玉屏[1] 朱德峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州310006 [2]长江大学,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《中国稻米》2015年第4期172-175,共4页China Rice

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD07B02);科技部科研院所技术开发研究专项(2013EG134237);浙江省公益性技术应用研究项目(2015C32044);重庆市科技计划项目(cstc2013yykfc80001)

摘　　要：以超级杂交稻中浙优1号和国稻6号为材料,研究比较了12 d、17 d、22 d和27 d秧龄秧苗素质及不同秧龄秧苗机插对水稻产量的影响。结果表明,随着秧龄的延长,植株株高和干物质量均增加,但秧苗后期生长趋缓,叶片生长变慢,根冠比降低;不同秧龄的秧苗对机插漏秧率影响不大,短秧龄秧苗机插秧苗易返青,缓苗期短,虽然成穗率低,但有效穗数多;参试水稻品种均以17 d秧龄机插处理的产量最高,主要是有效穗数增加,结实率和千粒重较高;随着秧苗秧龄的增加,机插水稻生育期会推迟。综上所述,在我国长江中下游单季稻机插中,适宜的秧龄应为15-20 d,此时秧苗素质好,适合机插,最终产量高。In this experiment, super hybrid rice Zhongzheyou 1 and Guodao 6 were used to study the effect of different age（12 d, 17 d, 22 d, 27 d）on seedling quality and yield under the mechanized transplanting system. The results showed that the plant height and dry weight were increased with the increase of seedling age, however, at the late stage of rice seedlings, the leaf grew slowly and rootshoot ratio decreased. There was no significant difference on no-seedling rate between the different seedling age; the short-age seedlings turned green faster after transplanting in field and there were more effective panicles compared with long-age seedlings. The grain yield of 17 d seedling age treatment was the highest because of more panicles, higher seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight.With the increase of transplanting seedling age, the growth period of rice will be postponed. In conclusion, the appropriate seedling age for single season rice was 15-20 days in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, because of better seedling quality and higher grain yield, and was suitable for machine transplanting.

关 键 词：超级稻 机插 秧龄 秧苗素质 产量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]