海洋生物及生态系统对海洋酸化的响应  

Responses of marine organisms and ecosystems to ocean acidification

作　　者：张锦峰[1,2] 高学鲁[1] 周凤霞[1] 李培苗[1] 庄文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]鲁东大学化学与材料科学学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2015年第4期630-640,共11页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题(XDA11020102)

摘　　要：在过去10 a中,海洋酸化已经成为全球海洋的一个新挑战。海洋酸化不仅会影响海洋中的碳化学、营养盐、微量元素等的地球化学特性,而且能影响海洋中微生物、浮游动植物、各种大型动物乃至整个海洋生态系统;不同区域的生物体系对酸化产生不同的响应,同一生物不同生命阶段的酸化响应可能截然不同;酸化给海洋带来的影响是及其复杂多变的,而且这些影响之间还存在复杂的相互作用;生态系统对海洋酸化的自然响应是很多生物和非生物因素独立和共同作用的结果;对很多单一物种或单一因素酸化响应的简单概括或总结,远不能描述海洋酸化对整个生态系统的影响规律。本文综述了海洋中微生物、浮游动植物、各种大型动物等海洋生物对酸化响应的研究进展,指出了目前海洋酸化研究中存在的一些不足,并提出了一些新的思路和方法。In the past decade,ocean acidification has become a new challenge for the world～ oceans. Ocean acidifica- tion will not only affect ocean carbon chemistry, nutrients, trace elements and other geochemical characteristics, but al- so affect ocean microbes, plankton, a variety of large animals and the whole marine ecosystem; biological and geo- chemical systems in different regions presented different responses to acidification; the same creature may present very different responses to acidification at different stages of life ; the impacts that acidification bring to the ocean were ex- tremely complex and changeable, and there were very complicated interactions between these impacts; the natural re- sponse of marine ecosystems to acidification was the result of many biotic and abiotic factors responses independently and synergistically ; the simple summary of many responses of single species or single factors cannot fully describe the influences that acidification bring to the entire ecosystem. This paper reviewed the research progress of the response of marine organisms to ocean acidification,including marine microbes, plankton, a variety of large animals; and the au- thor pointed out some current insufficient in ocean acidification research, and put forward some new ideas and methods.

关 键 词：海洋酸化 碳化学 微生物 浮游动植物 生态系统 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]