多年连续种植转基因Bt汕优63稻田水体和土壤中Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留调查  

Residue of Cry1Ab/c Protein in Soil and Water of Paddy Field Cultivated With Bt- SY63 Rice for Years in a Row

作　　者：张莉[1,2] 胡文军[3] 沈文静[1] 方志翔[1] 刘标[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]南京农业大学生命科学院,江苏南京210095 [3]中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第4期534-539,共6页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31370544);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2014ZX08012-005;2014ZX08011-002);环保公益性行业科研专项(20150944)

摘　　要：以湖北武汉、随州、武穴和孝感以及山东德州5个多年转基因水稻种植区为试验地,在水稻生育期采集转cry1 Ab/c基因水稻Bt汕优63（Bt-SY63）和对照非转基因汕优63（SY63）稻田水体和土壤,使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法对稻田水体和土壤Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留量进行动态监测。结果显示,与SY63稻田相比,连续种植2-4 a后,不同生育期Bt-SY63稻田水体Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留量大多与同一生育期SY63样品间差异未达显著水平（P〉0.05）,最高残留量为0.373 ng·mL^-1。与水体Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留情况相似,不同生育期Bt-SY63稻田土壤Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留量大都低于试剂盒检测限（0.25 ng·g^-1）,仅随州苗期、德州拔节期和开花期样品有微量残留,鲜土残留量分别为0.261、0.540和0.361 ng·g^-1,并分别与SY63样品间差异显著（P〈0.05）。另外,多年连续种植Bt-SY63水稻后,2、3和4 a种植年限的Bt-SY63稻田水体和土壤中Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留量之间大都没有显著差异（P〉0.05）。认为连续种植2、3和4 a的Bt-SY63水稻稻田水体和土壤仅存在微量Cry1Ab/c蛋白残留,不会造成Cry1Ab/c蛋白在稻田水体和土壤中的累积。Field investigations were conducted during the rice growing season to monitor residues of Cry1Ab/c protein in water and soil of paddy fields cultivated with Bt-shanyou63（ Bt- SY63） rice for years in a row,4 years in Wuhan,3years in Suizhou,3 years in Wuxue and 2 years in Xiaogan of Hubei and 3 years in Dezhou of Shandong,using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） method. Results show that no significant differences were found in concentration of Cry1Ab/c protein in water between the fields cultivated with Bt- SY63 rice for 2- 4 years and those with SY63 rice（ P 〉0. 05）,and the highest residue of Cry1Ab/c protein was measured to be 0. 373 ng·mL^- 1only. Similar to residue in the water,residue of the protein in the soil,regardless of growth stage,was found below the detection limit of the testing kit（ 0. 25 ng·g^- 1） in all the paddy fields,except for the field in Suizhou where 0. 261 ng·g^- 1was detected in the soil at the seedling stage,and the field in Dezhou where 0. 540 and 0. 361 ng·g^- 1was at the jointing and blooming stages,respectively,forming significant difference from the control fields. Besides,no significant difference was detected in residue of Cry1Ab/c protein in soil and water between fields different in Bt- SY63＇s cultivation history. It is,therefore,held that Bt- SY63 rice may release only a trace amount of Cry1Ab/c protein into the water and soil of the field after 2,3 or 4 years of cultivation of the crop in a row. However,the amount is so low that it would not result in accumulation of Cry1Ab/c protein in the water and soil of the field.

关 键 词：转cry1 Ab/c基因水稻 Bt汕优63 水体 土壤 Cry1Ab/c蛋白 残留 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]