辽东半岛海域鱼贝中有机氯农药残留及其风险评估  

Residuesand Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fish and Shellfish Samples of Liaodong Peninsula

作　　者：王薇[1] 李清波[1] 王晨祥[1] 张安[1] 张晓林 刘旭[3] 孙梦雪 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,大连116026 [2]大连出入境检验检疫局,庄河116400 [3]大连市环境监测中心,大连116000

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第3期135-143,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41371448;No.40671166)

摘　　要：2011年1月-2012年5月间采集了辽东半岛海域11种鱼类和2种贝类样品,分析了其可食部位中22种有机氯农药的残留量,评估了其中DDTs和HCHs的残留对人体健康的风险。在所调查样品中HCB、HCHs和DDTs是主要的污染物,样品中OCPs残留量为57.12~546.15μg·kg-1。利用污染指数计算法评估,旅顺海域小黄鱼、鳙鱼、中国斗鱼和偏口鱼未受到HCHs的污染,棒花鱼受到HCHs轻度污染,其它鱼种样品均受到重度污染,而对于DDTs,只有鲫鱼未受到污染,其它鱼种样品均受到重度污染。大黄鱼、梭鱼、黑鱼和鳙鱼体内HCHs残留量明显高于国标再残留限值,DDTs残留量符合国标标准。α-HCH、γ-HCH、β-HCH、p,p＇-DDE、p,p＇-DDD和p,p＇-DDT的致癌风险指数范围为0.32×10-6~49.57×10-6,均低于10-4,为可接受的致癌风险;α-HCH、γ-HCH、β-HCH、p,p＇-DDE的接触风险指数ERI为0.01×10-3~153.28×10-3,均小于1,为可接受的接触风险,但2012年4月的黑鱼样品上述六种农药的CRI总值高于10-4,存在潜在的致癌风险,因此,建议黑鱼的日均食用量应控制在50 g以下较为安全。Eleven different kinds of fish and two different kinds of shellfish samples were collected from the sea ar- ea of Liaodong Peninsula between January 2011 and May 2012. Contents＇of 22 organoehlorine pesticides were ana- lyzed in the edible parts of these samples. The impact of residues of HCHs and DDTs on human health was evalua- ted, subsequently. HCB, HCHs and DDTs were the primary contaminations in the observed samples and the residues of OCPs were from 57.12 to 546.15 μg·kg1. Based on pollution index calculation, only Pseudosciaena polyactis Bleeker, Aristichthysnobilis, Macropodus opercularis and Bastard halibut were not contaminated by HCHs, Abbotti-na rivularis was slightly contaminated by HCHs, whereas the other samples were all highly contaminated by HCHs in Lvshun area. Besides, only Carassius cuvieri was not contaminated by DDTs and all the other samples were high- ly contaminated by DDTs. HCHs residue levels in Pseudosciaena crocea, Sphyraenus, Channidae and Aristichthys- nobilis were significantly higher than extraneous maximum residue limits specified by the national standard, while DDTs residue level met the national standard. The carcinogenic risk index of a-HCH, 7-HCH, [3-HCH, p,p＇-DDE, p, p＇DDD and p,p＇DDT were ranged from 0.32X 10-6 to 49.57X 10-6, all lower than 104, indicating an acceptable car- cinogenic risk level. The ERI exposure index of a-HCH, 7-HCH,/]-HCH and p,p＇DDE were ranged from 0.01X 103 to 153.28 ~ 103, which was lower than 1, indicating an acceptable exposure risk level. However, the integrated CRI values of above six pesticides in Chaanidae samples collected in April 2012 were higher than 10-4, indicating a po- tential carcinogenic risk. Therefore, it is suggested to be relatively safe that the consumption of Channidae is con- trolled below 50 g per day.

关 键 词：鱼贝 有机氯农药 残留量 人体健康风险 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]