外源钙对两种价态锑胁迫下水稻幼苗吸收积累锑和钙的影响  

Effect of Calcium on Uptake and Accumulation of Antimony and Calcium by Rice Seedling in Solution culture

作　　者：向猛[1,2] 黄益宗 蔡立群[1] 保琼莉 黄永春 王小玲[3] 高柱[3] 余发新[3] 乔敏[4] 胡莹[4] 金姝兰[5] 李季[4] 王斐[4] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070 [2]农业鄙环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [3]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,南昌330096 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [5]上饶师范学院,上饶334000

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第3期153-160,共8页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：江西省科学院省级重点实验室开放基金项目(2013-KLB-08和2012-KLB-1);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21377152);天津市自然科学基金项目(12JCYBJC19900)资助

摘　　要：通过溶液培养试验,研究外源钙对两种价态锑[Sb(III)和Sb(Ⅴ)]胁迫下水稻吸收积累锑和钙的影响。结果表明,这两种价态的Sb对水稻生长均有抑制作用,Sb(III)比Sb(Ⅴ)对水稻毒害更明显,施Ca可缓解Sb对水稻的毒害。Sb(III)和Sb(Ⅴ)的添加对水稻根系和茎叶吸收积累Ca影响不一致。当溶液中的Ca浓度为5.0 mmol·L-1时,添加三价Sb 10和30μmol·L-1均可以显著地降低水稻茎叶中的Ca含量15.7%和49.4%,但是添加Sb(Ⅴ)浓度为30μmol·L-1时,却分别提高水稻茎叶和根系Ca含量26.2%和50.4%。Ca的添加可以显著地降低水稻根系和茎叶对两个价态Sb的吸收积累。在30μmol·L-1Sb(III)处理下,添加5.0和20 mmol·L-1的Ca可导致水稻根系和水稻茎叶Sb浓度分别比对照处理降低19.0%-79.4%和42.6%-71.8%;在30μmol·L-1Sb(Ⅴ)处理下,添加5.0和20 mmol·L-1的Ca可导致水稻根系和水稻茎叶Sb浓度分别比对照处理降低34.3%-70.6%和74.1%-84.6%。Ca的添加对Sb在水稻根系和茎叶中的富集系数和分配比率也有显著影响。综上所述,可以通过施用Ca肥来防治农田Sb污染,降低Sb对人体健康的危害。An experiment with solution culture was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium on seedling growth, absorption and bioaccumulation of Ca and Sb under the stresses of two forms of antimony- Sb（Ⅲ） and Sb（V ）. The results showed that Sb（Ⅲ） and Sb（V ） could inhibit rice growth and Sb（Ⅲ） was more toxic than Sb （V）. There were significant differences of Ca uptake and accumulation between different Sb species in the solution. The addition of 30μmol·L-1 Sb（Ⅲ） could significantly decrease Ca concentration in rice roots and shoots by 15.7% and 49.4%, but 30 μmol· L-1Sb（V ） could significantly increase Ca concentration in rice roots and shoots by 26.2% and 50.4%, respectively, compared with the control, under 5.0 μmol·L-1 Ca. The external addition of Ca could sig- nificantly decrease rice roots and shoots Sb concentration. Application of 5.0 and 20 mmol·L-1 Ca decreased Sb concentration in rice roots and shoots by 19.0%-79.4% and 42.6%-71.8% compared with the control under 30 ~tmol- L-1 Sb（III） treatment. Application of 5.0 and 20 mmol· U-1 Ca decreased Sb concentration in rice roots and shoots by 34.3%-70.6% and 74.1%-84.6% compared with the control under 30 μmol· L-1 Sb（V ） treatment. In addi- tion, Ca could affect the distribution and bioaccumulation of Sb in rice roots and shoots. The results demonstrated that Sb pollution in farmland can be alleviated by adding Ca fertilizer, and protect human health from Sb pollution.

关 键 词：钙 锑 水稻 交互作用 毒害 富集系数 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]