论明清时期陕西地区的农田水利成就  

Water conservancy achievement in Shannxi area in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：刘中阳[1] 杨兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学人文与外国语学院,陕西西安710048 [2]西北大学中东研究所,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期680-684,共5页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2010JM9009)

摘　　要：明清时期,陕西地区适应小农经济的水利设施得到了较大的发展。同时,为了对抗日益干旱的自然环境,当时一些著名的农学家提出卓有成效的水利理论,例如徐光启的旱田用水五法,王心敬的井利说。这些理论得到了普遍的认同和推广,在陕西地区得到了实际应用,建造了大量的井灌、涝池,并对小河流进行大量的开发利用,改善了农田状况,解决了旱季用水困难的问题,对后世影响深远。而之所以陕西地区在明清时期大量发展小型水利设施,和当时陕西的政治经济、自然地理是有着分不开的关系的。明清时期陕西地区的劳动人民充分发挥其聪明才智,因地制宜,大力发展了小型水利设施,使得水利工程达到了一个新高度,甚至一直使用至今。During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the farmland water conservancy facilities which were adapted to the small peasant economy in Shannxi had develped greatly, some of the most famous agronomist brought up some water conservancy theories in order to fight with the drought, such as Xu Guangqi＇s ＂Five Water-suppl- ying Methods in Dry Land＂, and Wang Xinjing＇s ＂ Well Conservancy＂. Those theories were widely used in farmland and they solved the drought problem, these theories also had deep influence. Because of the political and economical condition at that time, there were many small scale water conservancy facilities developed in that area. People in Shannxi made full use of local conditions and built many small scale water conservancy fa- cilities which remain alive nowadays.

关 键 词：明清时期 旱田用水五法 井利说 涝池 井灌 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]