林业在全球减灾防灾应对体系中的态势分析  

Situational Analysis of Forestry Dealing with Global Disaster Reduction and Prevention

作　　者：赵金成[1] 曾以禹[1] 张多[1] 贺祥瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局经济发展研究中心,北京100714

出　　处：《林业经济》2015年第7期8-13,共6页Forestry Economics

摘　　要：当前,全球自然灾害损失不断增多,各种危害与自然、社会、经济和环境脆弱性相互作用,形成灾害风险。国际社会认识到,减少灾害风险的努力必须系统地纳入生态系统管理和可持续发展战略,许多国家通过增强林业活动增强自然生态系统抵御灾害的适应力和恢复力,保护生计恢复生态、重建绿色家园、重振国家经济,在灾害中吸取经验教训丰富林业优良做法,促进转型和转变发展方式,从而实现人与自然的和谐统一,实现经济、社会、生态三大支柱的可持续发展。总思路是采取立足生态系统减少灾害风险的措施,将增强生计承受力与自然资源管理结合起来,特别在沿海地区和山区,以整体方针建立抗灾能力强的社区。国际实践给予我们的启示是:加强保护和恢复自然生态系统,完善应对自然灾害的林业措施,走增强林业措施基于生态系统减少自然灾害风险的道路。At present, the losses caused by global natural disasters are increasing, all kinds of disasters interact with natural, social, economic and environmental vulnerability, forming disaster risk. The international community recognized that efforts of reducing disaster risks must be incorporated into the ecosystem management and sustainable development strategy systematically. Many countries improved the flexibility and resilience of natural ecosystem by enhancing forestry activities, protected livelihood, restored ecosystems, rebuilt green homestead, revived countr＇s economic, learned lessons from disasters, improved forestry measures, promoted the transformation of development mode, realized the harmony of human and nature, as well as the sustainable development of economy, society and ecology. The general thoughts are based on ecological system to reduce disaster risks, combining the enhancement of livelihood tolerance with natural resource management, especially in the coastal areas and mountainous, adopting a holistic guideline to establish communities which can resist natural disasters easily. International practices give us an enlightenment that we must strengthen the protection and restoration of natural ecosystem, improve forestry measures responding to natural disasters, choose a way that enhance forestry measures to reduce natural disaster risks based on the ecological system.

关 键 词：自然生态系统 自然灾害 林业 案例 启示 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] F326.2[经济管理—产业经济]