基于两种形态学方法的柔鱼类耳石判别比较  

Comparative study of Ommastrephidae species identification based on statolith shape

作　　者：苏杭[1,2] 方舟[1,2] 陈新军[1,3,4,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2015年第4期293-301,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC41476129;NSFC41276156);国家863计划(2012AA092303);上海市研究生教育创新计划和国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B01)

摘　　要：根据我国鱿钓船2013年6~7月在北太平洋海域采集的柔鱼（Ommastrephes bartramii）和2013年5~10月在东太平洋海域采集的茎柔鱼（Dosidicus gigas）样本,对传统测量法选取的9项形态参数和傅里叶分析法选取的77个傅里叶系数进行判别,比较分析两种方法的判别效果。结果发现,北太平洋柔鱼耳石翼区开口处上端较长且翼区宽大,赤道茎柔鱼翼区开口处下端较长且侧区有突起;而各项参数值也均有显著性差异。主成分分析法结果认为,传统测量法中总长与胴长之比（TSL/ML）和最大宽度与胴长之比（MW/ML）两个主成分的得分较高,散点图有较大重叠;而傅里叶分析的前13个主成分可以解释总变异的70%以上,散点图重叠较少,效果较好。逐步判别分析的结果认为,背区长（DLL）、侧区长（LDL）、翼区宽（WL）、吻区宽（RW）与胴长之比可列入传统测量法的判别函数中,判别正确率为94%;傅里叶分析中的12项傅里叶谐值可列入判别分析,总判别率为99%。总体而言,两种方法的判别正确率均较高,而傅里叶分析法则相对更为有效。本文可为柔鱼类的种类和种群判别研究提供基础参考资料。Cephalopod is an important economic invertebrate, plays an important role in the marine ecosystem both in inshore and offshore waters. As a commercial species Ommastrephid has shown the fastest growth rate in catches since the 1970s compared with other species. Its hard structures, including beak and statolith,with stable morphology and invulnerable to the surrounding environment, have been widely used in the study of population structure, migration pattern, age and growth and feeding strategy. Traditional method to measure the morphology of squid has already been accepted by the majority of researchers, but it can not well explain the shape changes of statolith. In the late 1980s to the early 90s, Bookstein and Rohlf founded a geometric morphometrie method based on mathematical morphology and Elliptical Fourier analysis method has been widely applied in various fields in recent decades. Elliptical Fourier functions represent a precise method for describing outlines, which efficiently captures outline information and transforms image contour to Fourier harmonic. In this study, based on 60 samples of Ommastrephes bartramii caught in North Pacific and 60 statolith samples of Dosidicus gigas caught in equatorial waters off Peru from May to October in 2013, their statolith morphology were analyzed by traditional measurement and Fourier analysis for species identification. Nine of variables were measured on the statolith;digitalized photographs of statolith were transformed to Ellipse Fourier descriptors （EFDs）. Finally, nine statolith variables and 77 standardized EFDs were analyzed by principal component analysis （PCA） and stepwise discriminant analysis （SDA）. The correction of classification was also compared between two methods. Results showed that the morphological characteristics were narrow body, long and narrow rostrum and large dorsal tallied with the Ommastrephe bartramii statolith; the statolith of Dosidicus gigas statolith had large wing and narrow rostrum. All the morphological variables showe

关 键 词：耳石 传统测量法 傅里叶分析法 柔鱼 茎柔鱼 逐步判别分析 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]