碳菌调控对虾、蟹混养系统微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effect of carbon source on functional diversity of microbial Community in the polyculture system of Portunus trituberculatus and Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：李杰[1] 田相利[1] 董双林[1] 张凯[1] 王文君[1] 宋娇娇[1] 张庆起 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [2]连云港市赣榆区海洋渔业技术指导站,连云港222100

出　　处：《河北渔业》2015年第8期3-11,共9页

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);山东省杰出青年基金项目(JQ201009)资助

摘　　要：利用Biolog生态板方法和冗余分析(RDA)等方法,分析了菌碳调控对虾、蟹混养系统水体细菌群落功能多样性的影响,探讨了水体微生物群落多样性与不同环境因子间的关系。实验通过添加益生菌制剂和糖蜜调节养殖水体中菌群结构,共设6个处理,分别是为短小芽孢杆菌(C2)、蜡样芽孢杆菌(C3)、硝化细菌制剂(C4)、EM制剂(C5),以未添加菌制剂的处理为对照组(C1),另外以未添加碳源和菌制剂的处理为对照组(C0)。研究结果表明,不同菌碳下细菌群落对底物碳的利用数量和代谢强度存在较大差异。随着养殖时间的延长,处理组C3的碳代谢活性和对碳源的利用强度总体上高于其它处理组,而处理组C4较低和对照组C0相差不大。PCA分析结果表明,不同处理的细菌群落处于动态变化之中,反映出细菌群落的组成和代谢特征出现了显著差异,其中处理组C3和C4间差异最为显著。处理组C3的多样性指数如Simpson指数Shannon指数和S-E均匀度均较高,而处理组C4则较低。RAD分析表明,碳菌调控条件下,影响细菌群落碳代谢功能的主要环境因子7月为:Chl a、PO4--P、NO2--N、NH4+-N;8月为:NO3--N、NO2--N、TP、TN和PO4--P;9月为:TP、Chl a、PO4--P和NO2--N。综合水质指标和细菌群落对碳源的代谢功能的分析结果,本实验初步表明在C/N为15的虾、蟹混养水体中添加蜡样芽孢杆菌,细菌群落的多样性指数及对碳源的代谢功能为最佳。In the present study ,the Biolog method and redundancy analysis （RDA） were employed to investigate the effects of probiotics and carbon source on the functional diversity of water microbial communities in the polyculture system of P .trituberculatus and L .vannamei ,and the relationship between the microbial communities diversity and the abiotic factors .Six treatments were set ,respec‐tively being C0 （without probiotics and carbon source） ,C1 （without probiotics） ,C2 （bacillus pumi‐lus） ,C3 （bacillus cereus） ,C4 （nitrobacteria） and C5 （EM ） .Results showed that there was differ‐ence among all treatments in the number of carbon substrate utilization and the metabolic intensity . With the time increasing ,the metabolic activity and the utilization of carbon source in C3 were signifi‐cantly higher than the other treatments during the entire breeding ,w hile that in C4 and C0 reached the lowest value （P〈0 .05） .PCA analysis showed that bacterial communities in different treatments showed dynamic changes which reflected the significant differences in the bacterial community compo‐sition and the metabolic characteristics .The microbial communities functional diversities of C3 and C4 were significantly different from the other treatments throughout the experiment .And the diversity indexes （such as Shannon index ,Simpson index and S - E evenness） of microbial communities of C3 were significantly higher and C4 was significantly lower （P〈0 .05） than the other treatments .Ac‐cording to RDA analysis ,under the control of probiotics and carbon source ,the major abiotic factors affecting the microbial communities diversities respectively were Chl a、PO4 ^- -P、NO2^ - -N、NH4^＋ -N in July ;NO3^ - -N、NO2^ - -N、TP、TN and PO4 ^- -P in August ;TP、Chl a、PO4^ - -P and NO2^ - -N in September .Combining the analysis of the water parameters and the carbon metabolism of bacte‐rial communities ,the preliminary experimental results showed that the C/N of 15 for the

关 键 词：碳氮比 细菌群落 BIOLOG 多样性指数 RDA分析 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖] S966.16[农业科学—水产科学]