高抗逆力儿童青少年的人际关系性质认知  

Social Cognition of Relational Properties in Resilient Adolescents

作　　者：席居哲[1] 左志宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院 [2]华东师范大学学前教育与特殊教育学院

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期121-128,共8页Journal of Capital Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(08CSH026);上海市教育科学研究项目(B08013);上海市浦江人才计划项目(12PJC037);上海市妇联家庭文明建设重点课题(JW1303)

摘　　要：文章旨在考察高抗逆力儿童青少年的人际关系性质认知特点。文章采用抗逆力结果性定义,通过多信源汇聚操作法从247名10-14岁小学四至六年级学生中筛选出25名高抗逆力者和42名低抗逆力者,利用E-prime 2.0自编计算机程序呈现积极、消极人际关系性质情境图片,记录两组被试的积极、消极人际关系性质认知正确数量(准确性)、程度评价得分(认知偏向)和正确作答反应速度(认知反应时)。独立样本均数差异t检验结果表明,与低抗逆力同辈相比,高抗逆力组儿童青少年能更准确地判别积极、消极的人际关系,对积极人际关系有相对更积极的认知,在消极人际关系性质上的认知偏向不明显,在积极、消极人际关系性质认知的反应速度上也不存在显著的组间差异。结果提示,相对更准确的人际关系性质认知和积极人际情境下的人际关系性质积极认知偏向,是身处压力/逆境儿童青少年抗逆力发展中重要的主体保护性因子。The present study aims to explore resilient adolescents＇ social cognition of relational properties under un-neutral situations. Adopting an outcome-focused definition of resilience and using a multi-informer- convergence operationalization method, we screened out 25 adolescents as resilient and 42 as nonresilient from 247 primary school students from grade four to grade six. The E-prime 2.0 was used to self-develop the experimental procedures displaying pictures with either positive or positive relational situations which were administered to the two groups of subjects. Data on the hits （cognitive accuracy） , scores （cognitive bias） and response speeds （conitive response time） were automatically recorded on computer by the experimental program after the subjects pressed one key （D, F, G, or J, K, L）. Independent sample t-tests showed that, in comparison to nonresilient peers, resilient adolescents scored higher on the hits of both positive and negative relational propertiesthey also scored higher on the ratings under positive situations indicating a positive cognitive bias. Nonsignificant group differences in cogitive response time were found in both positive relation situations and in negative ones. It is implied that relatively more accurate cognition of relational properties and relatively more positive cognition bias on positive relational properties act as, among others, important protective factors to facilitate development of resilience among adolescents at risk.

关 键 词：抗逆力 儿童青少年 人际关系性质认知 认知准确性 认知偏向 认知反应时 

分 类 号：G625.5[文化科学—教育学]