紧急情况下“院外救治”行为的法律性质及责任分析  

Analysis on Legal Nature and Responsibility of “Extramural Hospital Treatment”in Emergency

作　　者：张建国 

机构地区：[1]兵器工业卫生研究所/兵器工业五二一医院医务处,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《医学与哲学（A）》2015年第8期67-70,共4页Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition

摘　　要：紧急情况下"院外救治"行为在日常生活中时有发生,通过从民法上的无因管理和紧急避险两个方面进行分析,以及对国外该种行为法律规定的借鉴,对"院外救治"行为的法律性质及救治人员的责任进行探讨,认为医务人员在院外救治中的行为属于无因管理,非医务人员的行为属于紧急避险,同时借鉴国外"好撒玛利亚人法"的做法,在紧急情况下"院外救治"行为中施救者都不应当负相关法律责任,社会对于该种行为应当予以认可和提倡,国家应加强立法对于该行为的性质及施救者的法律责任予以明确,保护施救者的权益。The actions of ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ in case of emergency are common in daily life. From the two perspectives of negotiorum gestio and urgent act of rescue, and in reference to the specification of such act in foreign law, this paper discussed the legal nature of ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ and the liabilities of the actor responsible for ＂pre-hospital rescue＂. It concluded that medical personnel performed ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ out of negotiorum gestio but non-medical personnel performed ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ out of urgent act of rescue. Drawing on the practices of foreign ＂Good Samaritan Law＂, the rescuer performing ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ in case of emergency should not bear legal responsibility, and such action should be recognized and encouraged socially. Meanwhile, the state should strengthen legislation to specify the legal nature of ＂pre-hospital rescue＂ and legal liability of relevant rescuer in order to protect the interests of rescuer.

关 键 词：院外救治 无因管理 紧急避险 好撒玛利亚人法 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]