铀(Ⅵ)胁迫下菖蒲根叶生理生化指标变化及分析  

Research of Uranium Accumulation Potential and Biochemical Responses of Acorus calamus

作　　者：李仕友[1] 魏庆鹏[1] 谢水波[1,2] 赵聪[1] 廖建彪 

机构地区：[1]南华大学污染控制与资源化技术湖南省重点实验室 [2]南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第8期56-59,67,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11175081);湖南省创新平台基金项目(13K086;13K085)

摘　　要：实验室水培条件下研究不同铀（Ⅵ）浓度（0、0.1、1、5、10、20 mg/L）胁迫下菖蒲的叶片光合色素,可溶性蛋白质（叶部）,叶部丙二醛（MDA）含量变化;根部和叶部抗氧化酶（POD,CAT和SOD）活性;根、叶部植物络合素（PCs）及其合成底物谷胱甘肽（GSH）的变化。实验结果表明,低浓度铀（0.1~5 mg/L）处理下光合色素和可溶性蛋白质较对照组增高（P〈0.01）;高浓度铀（10、20 mg/L）实验组MDA水平与对照组相比显著增高（P〈0.01）,质膜遭到严重破坏;低浓度铀（0.1~5 mg/L）下过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性显著增高（P〈0.01）,且根部POD活性高于叶部;高浓度铀下SOD活性低于对照组平均水平,SOD合成受到抑制。低浓度铀下高活性水平的POD和CAT可能是菖蒲抗铀胁迫的主要手段,PCs和GSH含量无显著变化的可能原因是此时抗氧化酶系统发挥主要作用;高浓度铀下PCs显著增加并与铀元素形成低毒螯合物起到解毒作用。Biological markers including plant pigments, soluble protein, malondialdehyde （MDA）, peroxidase（POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, phytochelafins （PCs）, glutathione （GSH） of Acorus calamus were discussed in different uranium concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/L. Result showed that under low level of uranium concentration of 0.1-5 mg/L, the changes of plant pigments and soluble protein was significant（P〈0.01）. There were obvious changes of MDA under high level of uranium concentration of 10, 20 mg/L which indicated the plasma membrane has been seriously damaged. The activity changes of POD and CAT was obvious as well. The activity of POD was higher than that in leaves. And the activity of SOD was lower than the average of control group which means the synthesis of SOD was inhibited under the high level of uranium concentration. There were no obvious changes of PCs and GSH under low level of uranium concentration which may be the antioxidant enzymes played a key role on that situation. The obvious growth of PCs was detected under high uranium concentration which the PCs chelate with uranium to form the chelate of low toxicity.

关 键 词：铀(Ⅵ) 菖蒲 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]