赤水河流域上游枯水期水化学特征及其影响因素分析  

Hydro-chemical Characteristics of Upper Chishui River Basin in Dry Season

作　　者：安艳玲[1] 吕婕梅 吴起鑫[1,2] 罗进[3] 蒋浩[3] 彭文博[1] 于霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学喀斯特环境与地质灾害防治教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550003 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第8期117-122,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技厅重点实验室建设项目资助(黔科合计Z字[2012]4012);贵州省自然科学基金资助(黔科合SY字[2013]3133;黔科合J字[2013]2130号);贵州大学博士基金资助(Z045015);博士后基金(2014M552388)

摘　　要：赤水河上游流域处于我国西南喀斯特岩溶地貌广泛发育的地区,其河流的水化学组成代表了典型喀斯特地区河流的水化学组成。对河水的各离子含量分析表明,赤水河上游河水水化学组成以Ca2+、HCO3-离子为主,其次为Mg2+、SO42-,表现了典型喀斯特地区河流的特征。上游河水的Na+/(Na++Ca2+)、Cl-/(Cl-+HCO3-)比值较低,所有水样都落在GIBBS图的左中端,河水水化学组成主要受岩石风化控制。阴阳离子三角图及河水中的主要元素的比值对比分析表明,河水水化学组成主要受碳酸盐岩风化溶解控制。水化学的时空对比分析表明,农业活动等人为活动对河水的化学组成有一定影响。The upper Chishui River basin is situated in the karst-cave highly developed region of southwest China; its water chemical composition could represent that of the typical rivers in karstic areas. Thus a thoroughly study was conducted about the river-water＇s ions content and the chemical characteristics on the basis of a survey including sampling and analysis in dry season, which showed that ions of Ca2＋ and HCO3- were the main ones in the studied river-water, followed by Mg2＋ and SO42-. The analysis indicated all of the water samples fall within the mid-left side of Gibbs distribution graph, with very low Na＋/（Na＋＋Ca2＋） and Cl-/（Cl-＋HCO3-） ratios, which suggested that the water chemical composition of the Chishui river water mainly controlled by rock weathering; and the analysis on the ratio of anion/cation triangular diagram and major ion element of the river-water showed that the water chemical composition was mostly controlled by weathering of carbonate rocks. Spatial-temporal analysis suggested that human activities such as agricultural activities have exerted a certain influence on the chemical composition of the river water.

关 键 词：赤水河上游 水化学 碳酸盐 岩石风化 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]