燃料电池三点比较实时电阻匹配最大功率跟踪  

Maximum Power Point Tracking Method Based on Three Points Comparison and Real-time Resistance Matching for Fuel Cell

作　　者：吕学勤[1] 刘文明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海电力学院自动化工程学院,上海200090

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2015年第8期372-378,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51405286);上海市重点实验室电站自动化技术实验室资助项目(13DZ2273800)

摘　　要：依据最大功率传输理论以及燃料电池电气的特性,提出了一种适用于燃料电池的最大功率跟踪控制方法。该方法通过实时在线检测燃料电池工作点处的输出电压与电流并计算燃料电池的内阻和理想状态下欧姆极化区的开路电压,求解出最大功率点对应的电流型变换器的参考电流。通过控制变换器使燃料电池能够较为稳定地工作在燃料电池欧姆极化区的最大功率输出点处。当外界环境发生变化时,通过电流型扰动观察法完成对燃料电池的最大功率点跟踪。所提算法具有功率自校正功能,以减小算法本身对燃料电池功率输出的扰动。仿真结果表明:当负载或者工作环境发生变化时,该算法可以有效地跟踪燃料电池的最大功率点。It is necessary to force the system to operate in conditions to improve the utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, which corresponds to fuel cell maximum power point （MPP）. According to the unique output characteristics of fuel cells, an algorithm based on the theory of maximum power transfer was developed, which was capable of tracking the MPPs of fuel cells. By controlling the DC - DC converter working at the reference current which was calculated by the real-time detection of fuel cell electric current and voltage, the fuel cell can work more stably at MPP which was located in the region of Ohm polarization. When the external environment changed, the algorithm with current type of perturbation and observation method can complete the maximum power point tracking of fuel cell. At the same time, in order to reduce the algorithm disturbance of fuel cell power, the correction was adopted in the algorithm. Simulation results showed that the control approach can yield satisfactory results under different operation conditions of fuel cell and load changes.

关 键 词：燃料电池 最大功率跟踪 电阻匹配 三点比较 

分 类 号：TM911.48[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]