城市绿地防灾功能评估及规划策略——以武汉市为例  

Function evaluation and planning strategies for disasters prevention of urban greenland: taking Wuhan City for example

作　　者：吴佳雨[1] 蔡秋阳[2] 楚建群[1] 杜雁[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院

出　　处：《城市问题》2015年第8期33-38,共6页Urban Problems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371534)

摘　　要：以武汉市中心城区为例,通过评估各街道的防灾能力、分布特征和疏散流距离成本,利用人口潜能模型和防灾避险疏散流模型的标准化差值,分析了武汉市中心城区各街道人口与绿地的分布状况及其空间互动关系。研究结果表明,武汉市的人口潜能呈同心圆结构分布,以武汉市的老城区为中心,逐层降低;其绿地防灾避险疏散流分布无明显规律,各街道差异明显;武汉市整体的绿地防灾避险能力较弱,沿江街道的绿地防灾规划不合理,二环与三环线中间街道的人口潜能与防灾避险疏散流匹配较好。筛选出了绿地防灾避险功能有待提高的街区,分析了其落后的原因,提出了增加绿地面积、提升绿地防灾避险能力、完善防灾避险疏散通道三种策略。Based on the research on Wuhan City,this essay assesses the disaster- prevention capability,distribution characteristic and evacuation flow distance cost of each neighborhood,and analyzes the distribution of the population and green space in each neighborhood as well as their interactive relationship. The results indicate that the population proficiency is concentric mode distribution around Wuhan old city with decreasing gradually outwards; the disaster prevention evacuation flows are distributed irregularly and with significant differences among neighborhoods; the holistic disaster prevention capability of green space is weak with the obviously irrational disaster prevention planning of green space in Sub- district by the river,while it is relatively reasonable in the district between the Second and the Third Ring Road. Additionally,this essay identifies the neighborhoods of which green space disaster prevention capability should be improved and proposes three strategies including increasing the area of green space,enhancing the disaster prevention capability of green space and perfecting the evacuation routes.

关 键 词：城市绿地 防灾避险 空间相互作用模型 武汉市 

分 类 号：TU982.263.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]