一株厌氧发酵木糖产氢细菌的分离及其产氢特性研究  

Isolation of a Xylose Degradation Bacteria and Its Hydrogen Production Characteristics

作　　者：刘星[1,2] 马诗淳[1,2] 黄艳[1,2] 周正[1,2] 张辉[1,2] 邓宇 

机构地区：[1]农业部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041 [2]农业部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国沼气》2015年第4期3-9,共7页China Biogas

摘　　要：文章利用厌氧微生物分离技术,从厌氧纤维素降解产甲烷菌系中分离到一株发酵木糖产氢的细菌FSC-15,通过形态学观察、生理生化分析,以及基于16S rDNA序列的系统发育学分析,确定了该菌株的分类地位,并通过监测H2产量分析了培养基组分、末端代谢产物对该菌株生长及产H2能力的影响。结果表明,该菌为厌氧菌,革兰氏染色阳性,杆状,单生或对生,菌体大小（2.1~8.5）μm×（0.6~1.1）μm,产芽孢。最适生长温度40℃,最适生长pH值7.5,可耐受50 g·L^-1NaCl。该FSC-15菌可利用多种戊糖和己糖,代谢产物主要为H2,CO2,乙酸,乙醇,丁酸等,发酵木糖的比产氢率为1.70 mol H2·mol^-1木糖。菌体生长不受氢分压反馈抑制,对乙酸、乙醇和丁酸具有较好的耐受性,可在1500 mg·L^-1丁酸、1000 mg·L^-1乙酸、和400 mg·L^-1乙醇存在的情况下产H2。经鉴定,菌株FSC-15与Clostridium beijerinckii亲缘关系最近,属于Clostridium,可以利用多种戊糖和己糖生长产氢,发酵木糖产氢能力较强,对末端代谢产物耐受性较好,是木质纤维素水解产氢的良好生物资源。A strain, named FSC-15, fermenting xylosc to produce hydrogen, was isolated from cellulose degrading anaerobic microorganisms. The taxonomic status of strain was determined through the morphology observation, physiochemical analysis, and phylogcnetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gone sequence. The influence of medium composition and the end metabolites on the strain culturing and the hydrogen production ability were investigated through monitoring the H2output. It was showed that the strain FSC-15 was anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped, single or opposite, （2.1 -8.5） μm × （0. 6 - 1.1 ）μm, producing spore. The optimum growth temperature was 40℃, and the optimum pH 7.5. The strain could tolerate 50 g · L^- 1 of NaCl, utilize various pentose and hexose as substrate producing mainly H2, CO2 , acetate, butyrate, and ethanol. The specific hydrogen production rate was 1.70 mol H2 · mol ^-1 xylosc. The strain was not sensitive to hydrogen partial pressure, and could produce hydrogen under 1500 mg· L^- 1 of butyrate, 1000 mg· L^- 1 of acetate and 400 mg· L^- 1 of ethanol, so it had strong hydrogen production ability. The result showed that the genetic relationship of strain FSC-15 was most close to Clostridium beijerinckii, and belong to Clostridium.

关 键 词：菌株分离 菌株鉴定 厌氧 木糖 产氢 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学] S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]